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Self Checking Game -
A game that helps the player learn various terms pertaining to special education
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) | A developmental disability generally evident before age three that significantly affects verbal and nonverbal communication, social interaction, and educational performance. |
| Cognitive Delay | A disability in which a child’s intellectual and adaptive behavior is below average, which impacts upon the child’s education. |
| Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-V) | The American Psychiatric Association’s (APA) classification and description of mental disorders. |
| Disability | A substantially limiting physical or mental impairment that affects such basic life activities as hearing, seeing, speaking, walking, learning, working, or caring for oneself. |
| Intellectual Disability (ID) | Refers to a pattern of persistently slow learning of basic motor and language skills during childhood, along with deficits in adaptive behavior and a significantly below-normal global intellectual capacity during adulthood. |
| Learning Disability (LD) | A disorder in one or more of the basic psychological processes involved in understanding or using spoken or written language, which may manifest itself in an imperfect ability to listen, think, speak, read, write, spell, or perform math. |
| Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD) | A recurrent pattern of negative, defiant, disobedient, and hostile behavior toward authority figures, which persists for at least six months. |
| Pervasive Developmental Disorders (PDD) | An overall category of developmental disorders that includes autism, Rett syndrome, Asperger’s syndrome, pervasive developmental disorders not otherwise specified, and childhood disintegrative disorder. |
| Specific Learning Disability (SLD) | A disorder in one or more of the basic psychological processes involved in understanding or using language, spoken or written, that may manifest itself in an imperfect ability to listen, think, speak, read, write, spell, or perform math. |
| Visual Impairment (VI) | An impairment in vision that, even with correction, adversely affects a child’s educational performance. |
| Accommodation | A change that gives a child with a disability an alternate method of demonstrating knowledge. It can relate to classroom instruction or to district/state administered assessments that measure achievement. |
| Annual Performance Report (APR) | The report submitted by the Pennsylvania Departments of Education and Public Welfare to the U.S. Department of Education that provides compliance data and the results of special education for children with disabilities. |
| Charter School | An independent public school established and operated under a charter from the local board of school directors. |
| Due Process Hearing | A legal proceeding similar to a court proceeding wherein a hearing officer is presented with evidence by disagreeing parties and writes a decision. |
| Early Intervention (EI) | Refers to specialized services and supports designed to help families with children birth to age five who have developmental delays. |
| Free Appropriate Public Education (FAPE) | A federal mandate that all children with disabilities must receive appropriate educational programs, tailored to their unique needs, from which they receive educational benefit at no cost to families. |
| Gifted and Talented | Student that have intellectual abilities significantly above average. |
| Individualized Education Program (IEP) | Written statement of a child’s current level of educational performance & of the child’s individualized plan of instruction. |
| Least Restrictive Environment (LRP) | An IDEA requirement indicating that children with disabilities, including children in public or private institutions or other care facilities, must be educated with children who are not disabled, to the maximum extent possible. |
| Limited English Proficiency (LEP) | Refers to children whose primary language is not English. |
| Pennsylvania System of School Assessment (PSSA) | A standards-based criterion-referenced assessment used to measure student attainment of Pennsylvania’s academic standards while also determining the degree to which school programs enable students to attain proficiency of the standards. |
| Regression | Refers to the loss of critical skills within an extended break in the school year (e.g., summer vacation); it is a critical factor in determining the need for extended school year services. |
| Short-Term Objectives | A break down annual IEP goals into small, measurable steps. |
| Special Education | Specialized instruction tailored to fit the unique learning strengths and needs of students with disabilities. |
| Universal Design for Learning (UDL) | An approach to creating instructional materials and activities that are accessible to all, rather than simply adapting existing curricula and materials to provide access for persons with disabilities. |
| Advocate | An individual who represents or speaks on behalf of another person’s interests, as in a parent for his/her child. |
| Assessment | The gathering of information by qualified personnel about a child’s development and the needs and priorities of his/her family. |
| Assistive Technology (AT) | Refers to any item, piece of equipment, product, or system (whether acquired commercially, modified, or customized) that is used to increase, maintain, or improve functional capabilities of children with disabilities. |
| Behavior Intervention Plan (BIP) | A plan that is put in place to teach a child proper behavior and social skills; should be positive in nature, not punitive. |
| Evaluation | A series of tests and observations performed by a multidisciplinary team to find out if a child has a disability and requires special education services. |
| Occupational Therapy (OT) | A service that provides therapy based on engagement in meaningful activities of daily life (e.g., self-care skills, education, work, social interaction) especially to enable or encourage participation in such activities despite impairments. |
| Physical Therapist (PT) | A professional who improves a child’s physical abilities through activities that strengthen muscular control and motor coordination. |
| Screening | The process of looking at a child’s development to determine if there are any areas of concern; used to recommend more in-depth evaluation of the child. |
| Transition | Refers to the movement from one service, location, or program to another. |
| Wraparound Services | Community mental health services that are prescribed by physicians to be provided in home and school settings. |
| The Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) | 1992 (Public Law 101-336) defines the term disability and prohibits discrimination by employers, by facilities open to the general public, and by state and local public agencies that provide such services as transportation. |
| Health Insurance Portability Accountability Act (HIPAA) | Outlines the confidentiality and protection of medical records. |
| Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) | Provides the legal authority for early intervention and special education services for children from birth to age 21. Part B outlines services for children ages three to 21. Part C outlines services for children from birth to age three. |
| No Child Left Behind (NCLB) | The primary federal education legislation addressing kindergarten through high school for children at risk. |
| Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act | Protects the civil rights of individuals with disabilities. This law is closely intertwined with IDEA. |
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