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Pharmacology
Term | Definition | Examples |
---|---|---|
Analgesic | Relieves Pain | acetaminophen (Tylenol®) |
Anesthetic | Prevents sensation of Pain | lidocaine HCl (Xylocaine®, Lidoderm®) |
Antibiotic | Inhibits Growth of Bacteria | amoxicillin (Amoxil®) |
Antihelminitic | Inhibits growth of parasitic worms | mebendazole (Vermox®) |
Antineoplastic | Poisons Cancerous cells | bleomycin (Blenoxane®) |
Antipyretic | Reduces Fever | acetaminophen (Tylenol®) |
Antiseptic | Inhibits Growth of microorganisms | isopropyl alcohol |
Mydriatic | Constricts vessels, raises blood pressure, dilates pupils | atropine (Atropisol®) |
Antifungul | Treats fungal infections | amphotericin B (Fungizone®) |
Antipruritic | Relieves itching | hydroxyzine HCl (Atarax®) |
Muscle relaxant | Relaxes muscles on a short term basis | carisoprodol (Rela®, Soma®) |
Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug (NSAID) | Reduces pain, inflammation, and fever | naproxen (Aleve®) |
Steroid | Reduces inflammation | dexamethasone (Decadron®) |
Antianxiety | Depresses the CNS | alprazolam (Alprazolam Intensol®) |
Anticholinergic | Blocks parasympathetic nerve impulses | atropine sulfate (Isopto Atropine®) |
Anticonvulsant | Prevents or relieves convulsions | clonazepam (Klonopin®) |
Antidepressant | Prevents or treats mental depression | amitriptyline HCl (Elavil®) |
Antiepileptic | Treats epilepsy | carbamazepine (Tegretol®) |
Antiparkinsonian | Treats Parkinson’s disease | procyclidine (Kemadrin®) |
Antipsychotic | Treats psychosis | chlorpromazine HCl (Thorazine®) |
Sedative | Creates tranquilizing, soothing effects | chloral hydrate (Noctec®) |
Stimulant | Increases brain and other organ activity; decreases appetite | amphetamine sulfate (Benzedrine®) |
Antidiabetic | Reduces glucose | metformin (Glucophage®) |
Antisecretory | Inhibits secretion | omeprazole (Prilosec®), |
Insulin | Treats diabetes | insulin recombinant (Humulin®) |
Thyroid agent | Replaces thyroid function | levothyroxine sodium (Synthroid® |
Antiarrhythmic | Regulates the heartbeat | disopyramide (Norpace®) |
Anticoagulant | Slows the coagulation process | enoxaparin (Lovenox®) |
Antihypercholesterolemic | Prevents or controls high cholesterol | gemfibrozil (Lopid®) |
Antihypertensive | Prevents or controls high blood pressure | amlodipine (Norvasc®) |
Hemostatic | Promotes coagulation to control or stop bleeding | aminocaproic acid (Amicar®) |
Vasoconstrictor | Constricts blood vessels, increasing blood pressure | dopamine HCl (Intropin®) |
Vasodilator | Dilates blood vessels, decreasing blood pressure | enalopril (Vasotec® |
Antiasthmatic | Treats or prevents asthma attacks | montelukast (Singulair®) |
Antihistamine | Relieves allergies | cetirizine HCl (Zyrtec®) |
Antitussive | Relieves or prevents coughs | codeine; dextromethorphan hydrobromide (Robitussin DM®) |
Bronchodilator | Dilates bronchi of the lungs | albuterol (Proventil®) |
Decongestant | Reduces mucus production | oxymetazoline HCl (Afrin®) |
Expectorant (mucokinetic) | Liquefies mucus in bronchi | guaifenesin (Mucinex®) |
Antacid/antiulcer | Neutralizes gastric acids | calcium carbonate (Tums®) |
Antidiarrheal | Relieves diarrhea | bismuth subsalicylate (Pepto-Bismol®) |
Antiemetic | Controls nausea, vomiting, and motion sickness | prochlorperazine (Compazine®); |
Laxative (cathartic) | Promotes evacuation of the intestines | bisacodyl (Dulcolax®) |
Diuretic | Increases urine excretion | bumetanide (Bumex®) |
Androgen | Replaces male hormones | testosterone (AndroGel®, Testoderm®) |
Antivenereal | Prevents or controls sexually transmitted (venereal) diseases | azithromycin (Azithromycin Dose Pack®); levofloxacin (Levaquin®); acyclovir (Zovirax®) |
Contraceptive | Prevents conception | norgestrel (Ovrette®); ethinyl estradiol, norgestimate (Ortho Tri-Cyclen®); norethindrone, ethinyl estradiol (Ortho-Evra®) |
Estrogen | Replaces female hormones | onjugated estrogens (Premarin®); conjugated estrogens, medroxyprogesterone (Prempro®); synthetic conjugated estrogens (Cenestin®) |