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Friendly Bio. Ch 3
Vocabulary Terminology for Chapter 3 in Friendly Biology
Question or Term | Answer or Definition |
---|---|
Carbo- | refers to the element carbon |
-hydrate | water or H2O |
Fructose | The natural sugar found in fruits |
Mono | one |
Saccharide | sugar |
Monosaccharide | carbohydrate made up of one kind of sugar molecule |
Di | two |
Disaccharide | carbohydrate made up of two kinds of sugar molecules |
Table Sugar | Sucrose |
Sucrose | Glucose + fructose |
Lactose | The natural sugar found in milk |
glucose + galactose | Lactose |
The "gasoline" or fuel for living things | Glucose |
carbohydrate | sugar |
3 elements that make a carbohydrate | Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen |
Cn(H2O)n | generic formula for a carbohydrate |
Glucose | Blood sugar |
Type of structure carbohydrate has | Ring |
Isomer | When two carbohydrates share the same number of elements, but have different structures |
The two main jobs that enzymes do are | 1. make reactions happen more rapidly with themselves not being changed and 2. to cut compounds apart |
lactose intolerant is | being deficient in the enzyme lactase which prevents them from digesting lactose and the excessive lactose is then feasted on by gut bacteria which produces copious amounts of gas |
Maltose | carbohydrate found in grains |
Amylose | Starch |
Photosynthesis | plant's ability to produce their own glucose |
Stored in a plant's seeds or roots | Amylose |
linked glucose molecules into long, strong chains to give strength and support to the plant and the enzyme to break it back down into glucose is | cellulose and cellulase |
Ruminants | consume large amounts of cellulose to be broken down in their rumens |
Symbiotic relationship | Relationship between two living things where one partner may or may not benefit |
mutual symbiotic relationship | Relationship between two living things where both partners benefit |
Parasitism | Relationship where one member benefits to the detriment of the other |
Commensalism | Relationship where one member benefits while the other is unaffected |