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Cerge
Solutions, Acids and Bases
Question | Answer |
---|---|
substance whose particles are dissolved in a solution | solute |
substance in which a solute dissolves (water) | solvent |
dissolving of ionic compounds | dissociation |
breaking apart, dissolving of covalent compounds (dissolving) | dispersion |
seperation of ions in an ionic compound | dissociation |
netural particles gain or lose electrons | ionization |
measure of hydronium ion(H3O+) in a solution | pH |
solution that is resistanct to large changes in PH | buffer |
substance that ionizes or dissociates in water to produce electric current | electrolyte |
compound that contains (H+), proton donors | acid |
subsance that changes color in the presence of an acid or base | indicator |
reaction between and acid and base. Produces a salt and water | neutralization |
compound that produces (OH-), proton acceptor | base |
ionic compound containing a (+) ion and a (-) ion | salt |
Maximum amount of solute that dissolves in a given amount of solvent at a given temperature | soubility |
Solution that contains as much solute as the solvent can hold | saturated solution |
solution that contains more solute that the solvent can hold | supersaturated solution |
solution that contains less than the maximum amount of solute that can be dissolved (soft drinks) | unsaturated solution |
moles solvent/liter of solution | molarity |
amount of solute dissolved in a specifice amount of solution (solute/solution x 100%) | concentration |
the higher the pH value, the lower the | H3O+ ion concentration |
The lower the pH value, the higher the | H30+ |
examples of strong electrolytes | strong acides and strong bases |
Factors that affect dissolving rate | surface area, temperature, stirring |
Physical properties of a solution that differs from solute and solvent | conductivity, freezing point, boiling point |
What are the 3 ways a substance dissolves? | dissociation, dispersion, ionization |
What are the 3 factors that affect solubility of a solute? | temperature, pressure, types of bonding |
Units of concentration | % volume, % mass, molarity |
What are the characteristics of an acid? | reacts with some metals, sour taste, turn blue litmus paper red |
What are the characteristics of a base? | reacts with some metals, bitter taste, tern red litmus paper blue |