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A & P Week 6
Ch 14, 15, 16, 17
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The muscle fascicle arrangement for Orbicularis oris is best characterized as | circular. |
| This arrangement of muscle fascicles tends to be triangular in shape. The Pectoralis major is an example of a muscle with this type of muscle fascicle arrangement. | convergent |
| In addition to the Pectoralis major, another muscle that displays this pattern of fascicle arrangement is Latissimus dorsi. | convergent |
| Muscles that move the forearm include | brachioradialis pronator teres biceps brachii |
| The muscle that helps hold the scapula against the thorax and is useful in pushing or punching movements is the | serratus anterior. |
| The continuous low level of sustained contraction maintained by all skeletal muscles is muscle | tone. |
| The term _____ is used to describe a muscle that directly performs a specific movement. | agonist |
| Muscles that move the wrist, hand, and fingers can be extrinsic or intrinsic. | |
| Muscles with this type of muscle fascicle arrangement are either fusiform or straplike in appearance. | parallel |
| The fibrous connective tissue that surrounds the entire muscle and is outside the epimysium and tendon is called the | fascia. |
| The common tendon of the gastrocnemius and soleus is called the | calcaneal tendon. |
| The biceps brachii has this fascicle arrangement, which maximizes the range of motion possible. | parallel |
| A muscle with fascicles that insert into the tendon from both sidesis categorized as | bipennate. |
| The individual muscle fibers are covered by a connective tissue membrane called the | endomysium. |
| The long axes of the fascicles run parallel to the long axis of the muscle is a description of this type of fascicle arrangement. | parallel |
| A muscle with fascicles that insert into only one side of the tendon is categorized as | unipennate. |
| The innermost muscle of the abdominal wall is the transverse abdominis. | |
| The point of attachment that does not move when the muscle contracts is the origin. | |
| The Sartorius muscle, a thin straplike muscle would have muscle fascicles arranged in | parallel. |
| An example of a muscle with this type of fascicle arrangement is the orbicularis oris. | circular |
| The flexor muscles that move the fingers are mostly located on the: | anterior medial surface of the forearm. |
| Another name for a sphincter muscle is a _____ muscle. | circular |
| The muscle that flexes the semipronated or semisupinated forearm is the: | brachioradialis. |
| The soleus muscle is an example of a _____ muscle. | pennate |
| What muscles move the foot? | |
| What muscles are apart of the rotator cuff? | |
| A muscle that assists with mastication is the: | masseter. |
| The most common type of lever in the body is a _____-class lever. | third |
| Skeletal muscles constitute approximately ____ of our body weight. | 50% |
| The sternocleidomastoid muscle is an example of a muscle named for its: | points of attachment. |
| The posterior arm muscle that extends the forearm is the: | triceps brachii. |
| the function of the muscles of the thorax are | |
| group of pennate muscles are | |
| There are more than 600 muscles in the body. | |
| The insertion of the muscle is attached to the bone that moves. | |
| The origin of the muscle is attached to the bone that does not move. | |
| When the muscle contracts, the insertion moves toward the origin. | |
| The origin of a muscle is on the femur, and the insertion is on the tibia. When it contracts, it bends the knee. Its fibers run parallel to the body. Which of the following terms might be part of its name? | Rectus & Femoris |
| Muscles that contract at the same time as the prime mover are called: | synergists. antagonists. |
| The muscle that allows the thumb to be drawn across the palm to touch the tip of any finger is the: | opponens pollicis. |
| The teres major and teres minor muscles move the arm | |
| The Achilles tendon is common to both the gastrocnemius and the soleus. | |
| The pectoralis major muscle is an example of a _____ muscle. | convergent |
| Muscles may be named according to: | function. direction of fibers. points of attachment. |
| The prime mover can also be called the: | agonist. |
| Moving from superficial to deep, the connective tissue components would be: | epimysium, perimysium, endomysium. |
| Groups of skeletal muscle fibers are bound together by a connective tissue envelope called the: | perimysium. |
| The latissimus dorsi muscle is an example of a _____ muscle. | spiral |
| A muscle is attached to the femur and tibia. Its function or action is to bend the knee. When it contracts, it is acting as the: | prime mover. |
| Another name for a skeletal muscle cell is a muscle fiber. | |
| When an athlete injures a muscle of the hamstring group, the injury is on the: | posterior thigh. |
| The action of the brachialis muscle is to _____ the forearm. | supinate |
| Muscles that move the upper arm originate on the | clavicle and scapula. |
| Which of the following muscles has fibers on a transverse plane? | Transverse abdominis |
| muscle of the quadriceps femoris group are | |
| muscle that moves the thigh are | |
| Which of the following body systems assists the muscles in maintaining posture? | Digestive Endocrine Excretory |
| The origin of a muscle is on the femur, and the insertion is on the tibia. When it contracts, it bends the knee. | The knee is acting as a fulcrum. |
| In pushing (pressing) a weight from shoulder height to above the head, which of the following muscles is least utilized? | Biceps brachii |
| The muscle(s) assisting in rotating the arm outward is (are) the: | teres minor. |
| The covering of individual muscle fibers is the: | endomysium. |
| function of muscles | |
| The shoulder joint is an example of a _____ joint. | multiaxial freely movable ball and socket |
| Exercise may cause an increase in muscle size called | hypertrophy. |
| The contractile unit of a muscle cell is the sarcomere. | |
| The minimal level of stimulation required to cause a fiber to contract is called the threshold stimulus. | |
| Repeated stimulation of muscle in time lessens its excitability and contractibility and may result in fatigue. | |
| uniaxial joint | |
| The joint present during the growth years between the epiphyses of a long bone and its diaphysis is the | synchrondrosis. |
| The muscle’s ability to stretch or extend and to return to its resting length is called extensibility | |
| Synarthrotic joints are immovable. | |
| According to the sliding filament theory actin moves past myosin | |
| Dorsiflexion occurs when the foot is tilted upward, thus decreasing the angle between the top of the foot and the front of the leg. | |
| The joints between the articulating surfaces of the vertebral processes are classified as what type of joint? | gliding |
| The more muscle fibers contracting at the same time, the stronger the contraction of the entire muscle. The number of muscle fibers contracting depends on how many motor units are | recruited. |
| The energy required for muscular contraction is obtained by hydrolysis of | ATP |
| Joints joined by fibrocartilage are called symphyses. | |
| Synovial joints are freely moveable | |
| A contraction in which muscle length remains the same but muscle tension increases is called an | isometric contraction. |
| If a structural classification is used, joints are named according to the type of _____ tissue that joins the bones together. | connective |
| The largest and most commonly injured joint in the body is the _____ joint. | knee |
| The four kinds of protein that make up myofilaments are myosin, actin, | tropomyosin, and troponin. |
| Which structure allows the electrical signals to travel along the sarcolemma and move deeper into the cell? | transverse tubule |
| Muscle tone is maintained by | both positive and negative feedback mechanisms. |
| Three phases of the twitch contraction are the | latent period, contraction phase, and relaxation phase. |
| Which subtype of fibrous joints is found only in the skull? | suture |
| Which type of movement occurs between the carpal and tarsal bones and between the articular facets of adjoining spinal vertebrae? | gliding |
| structures that characterize synovial joints | |
| Some synovial joints contain a closed pillow-like structure called a(n) | bursa. |
| The structure of the knee joint permits movements of | flexion and extension. |
| Anaerobic respiration results in the formation of an incompletely catabolized molecule called | lactate . |
| Which type of joint joins the two pubic bones together? | Symphysis |
| Attempting to pick up an object too heavy to lift would result in which type of muscle contraction? | Isometric |
| end-product of the breakdown of ATP is | |
| The substance that attracts oxygen in the myoglobin molecule is: | iron. |
| During which phase of the twitch contraction is there a triggering of the release of calcium ions into the sarcoplasm? | Latent period |
| What are the most movable joints in the body? | Synovial |
| Which of the following is not one of the major functions of muscles? | Protection |
| Muscle contractions will continue as long as: | the calcium ions are attached to the troponin. |
| The ion necessary for cross-bridging is: | calcium. |
| Glucose can be stored in the muscle as: | glycogen. |
| Thick myofilaments extend the length of the: | A-band. |
| The chief function of the T-tubules is to: | allow for electrical signals to move deeper into the cell. |
| The type of movement possible at a synovial joint depends on the: | shape of the articulating surfaces of the bones. |
| The type of movement that occurs when the head is dropped to the shoulder, then to the chest, to the other shoulder, and toward the back is: | circumduction. |
| White fibers are also called _____ fibers. | fast |
| The strength of a muscle contraction is influenced by the: | amount of load. initial length of muscle fibers. recruitment of motor units. |
| structure functions to temporarily store calcium ions | Sarcoplasmic reticulum |
| Endurance training is also known as: | aerobic training. |
| rue characteristics of an isometric contraction are | |
| Which joint allows for a unique movement called opposition? | Saddle |
| The opposite of dorsiflexion is: | plantar flexion. |
| the following terms describes an isometric contraction | Static tension |
| Which joint allows for the widest range of movement? | Ball and socket |
| Physiological muscle fatigue may be caused by: | a relative lack of ATP. high levels of lactate. failure of the sodium-potassium pumps. |
| Tilting the foot upward, decreasing the angle between the top of the foot and the front of the leg, is called: | dorsiflexion. |
| In the structure called a triad, the T-tubule is sandwiched between: | sacs of sarcoplasmic reticulum. |
| Kicking a football is accomplished by: | extension. |
| A contraction in which the tension within the muscle remains the same but the length changes is called a(n) _____ contraction. | isotonic |
| Which type of muscle does not have T-tubules? | Smooth |
| Aerobic respiration: | produces the maximum amount of energy available from each glucose molecule. |
| The purpose of creatine phosphate in muscle contraction is to: | replenish energy supply. |
| The lactate produced by anaerobic respiration is converted back to glucose in the: | liver. |
| A gliding joint is an example of a(n) _____ joint. | multiaxial |
| The largest and most frequently injured joint is the: | knee. |
| Most body movements are _____ contractions. | isotonic |
| The ability of muscle cells to respond to nerve stimuli is called: | irritability. |
| Skeletal muscles are innervated by: | somatic motor neurons. |
| the neuromuscular junction are: | |
| the following proteins found in myofilaments contains the cross-bridges? | Myosin |
| The opposite of eversion is: | inversion |
| Which joint allows for the most movement? | Ball and socket |
| Moving a body part away from the medial plane of the body is called: | abduction. |
| Painful muscle contractions or involuntary twitches are called: | cramps. |
| heat production includes | |
| Which type of muscle is responsible for peristalsis? | Single-unit smooth |
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Brookekotter0322
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