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Carboxylic Acids

AQA A Level Chemistry

QuestionAnswer
Draw the functional group of a carboxylic acid
draw 3-methylbutanoic acid
What is the strongest intermolecular force between Carboxylic acids Hydrogen bonding
Why are carboxylic acids soluble in water they can form hydrogen bonds between the acid and water
Draw the hydrogen bond between water and ethanoic acid
Describe how a carboxylic acid is produced from an alcohol Heat a primary alcohol with potassium dichromate under reflux
Write the chemical reaction between Propanoic acid and sodium carbonate CH3CH3COO + Na2CO3 --> CH3CH3COONa + H2O + CO2
Draw the functional group of a carboxylic acid
draw 3-methylbutanoic acid
What is the strongest intermolecular force between Carboxylic acids Hydrogen bonding
Why are carboxylic acids soluble in water they can form hydrogen bonds between the acid and water
Draw the hydrogen bond between water and ethanoic acid
Describe how a carboxylic acid is produced from an alcohol Heat a primary alcohol with potassium dichromate under reflux
Write the chemical reaction between Propanoic acid and sodium carbonate CH3CH3COO + Na2CO3 --> CH3CH3COONa + H2O + CO2
What are the reagents and conditions required to reduce a carboxylic acid Heat under reflux with LiAlH4 in dry ether
What are the products formed when ethanoic acid is reacted with phosphorus (V) chloride Ethanoyl chloride, POCl3 and HCl
How is 2-hydoxypropanoic acid is formed from 2-hydroxypropanitrile hydrolysis, reflux with water and H+ ions
What are the reagents and conditions required to convert a carboxylic acid into an ester Heat under reflux with an alcohol and conc sulfuric acid
Name the mechnanism for formation of an ester Nucleophillic addition-elmination
Write the reaction and name of the ester when propanoic acid and ethanol Reaction: name: ethly propanoate
Draw the mechanism for the reaction between ethanol and propanoic acid
Draw the structure of ethanoic anhydride
Draw the structure of propanoyl chloride
Write the reaction between ethanoic anhydride and methanol
Draw the mechanism between methanoic anhydride and ethanol
Write the reaction for the hydrolysis of methyl ethanoate in acidic conditions
Write the reaction of hydrolysis of methyl ethanoate in alkaline conditions
How is a triglyceride converted into a soap molecule heat the tricglyceride with NaOH to hydrolyse the ester
How is a triglyceride converted into a biodiesel molecule heat the triclyceride with methanol to hyrdrolyse the ester to a smaller ester molecule
List three advantages of biodiesel Renewable, biodegradable, carbon neutral, non toxic, simple to make etc
List 2 disadvantage of biodiesel Poor availabilty, more expensive, can cause engine problems, takes up land
Why are Acyl chlorides more reactive than carboxyic acids The electronegative chlorine atom pulls electrons toward it in the C-Cl bond, which makes the carbonyl carbon more electrophilic.
What conditions and reagents are required to turn an acyl chloride into an ester? If you add an acyl chloride to an alcohol, you get a vigorous (even violent) reaction at room temperature
Draw the mechanism for the reaction between propanoyl chloride and methanol.
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