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Unit 3A Vocabulary
Question | Answer |
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metal | element that is lustrous, conducts electricity, malleable, ductile and reacts with acid. |
luster | shiny |
malleable | able to be hammered into a thin sheet |
ductile | able to be drawn into a thin wire |
metalloid | an element whose properties are between those of metals and solid nonmetal. Located on staircase of Periodic Table |
nonmetal | Non-lustrous, poor conductor of electricity, brittle. |
Periodic Table | Lists all known elements arranged by increasing atomic number. |
atomic mass | weighted average mass of all of an element's isotopes |
atomic number | number of protons in the nucleus of an atom |
electron | negatively charged particle outside the nucleus |
energy levels | fixed amount of energy around a nucleus |
group or family | column in the periodic table |
period | row in the periodic table |
neutron | neutrally charged particle in the nucleus of an atom |
proton | Positively charged particle located in the nucleus |
valence electrons | electrons in the outermost energy level |
atomic mass unit | unit of mass equal to 1/12th the mass of a carbon-12 atom |
element | substance that cannot be broken down by chemical means |
isotope | atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons. |
mass number | number of protons plus neutrons in an atom |
atomic orbital | regions around the nucleus of an atom where there is a high probability of finding an electron |
atom | the smallest particle of an element that retains the properties of that element. |
alpha particles | positively charged nuclear particles |
electronegativity | a measure of an atom's ability to attract electrons |
compound | a substance composed of 2 or more atoms bonded together. |
covalent bond | bond where electrons are shared between 2 atoms |
ion | an atom with a positive or negative charge |
ionic bond | bond between positive and negative ions BECAUSE one or more electrons have been transferred. |
metallic bond | bond where loosely held valence electrons are attracted to positively charged metal ions. |