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Food Biomolecules
Food Biomolecules- Leving cert Biology
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are the 11 main molecules in food? | Carbon (C), Hydrogen (H), Oxygen (O), Phosphor (P), Sulphur (S), Sodium (Na), Magnesium (Mg), Chlorine (Cl), Potassium (K) and Calcium (Ca) salts. |
| What are the three trace elements in food? | Iron (Fe), Copper (Cu) and Zinc (Zn). |
| What are Biomolecules? | Chemicals made in living things, containing carbon (ie Carbohydrates, Proteins, Lipids and Vitamins) |
| What makes up carbohydrates? | Carbon (C), Oxygen (O) and Hydrogen (H). |
| How many types of Carbohydrates are there? | 3. |
| What are names and examples of the types of Carbohydrates? | Monosaccharides - Glucose Disaccharides - Maltose Polysaccharides - Starch. |
| What is the purpose of Carbohydrates in the body? | Used predominantly for energy but excess can be used for insulation |
| What are Lipids made of? | Carbon (C), Oxygen (O) and Hydrogen (H). These make up fatty acids. |
| What are the two types of Lipids? | -Triglyceride -Phospholipid |
| What is the difference between Triglyceride Lipids and Phospholipids? | Phospholipids have a phosphate in the place of one of the three fatty acids |
| What is the purpose of Lipids? | Predominantly used for insulation of the body but can be used for energy too. |
| What elements are used in Proteins? | Carbon (C), Oxygen (O), Hydrogen (H), Nitrogen (N), Sulphur (S) and Phosphor (P). |
| What do the elements in Protein make up ? | Amino Acids |
| What do Amino Acids become if more Amino Acids are bonded to them? | Amino Acids become Peptide Links then Peptide Chains then Polypeptides then to a Protein. |
| What does lack of Vitamin C in the body cause? | Scurvy, Bruising and Bleeding Gums. |
| Is Vitamin C soluble or insoluble? | Soluble in water. |
| What is Vitamin C's role in the body? | Maintaining Growth, Teeth, Healing and Immune system. |
| What is the role of Vitamin D in the body? | Helping absorb Calcium (Ca) and maintaining bones. It is also fat soluble. |
| What diseases does the lack of Vitamin D cause? | Rickets and Osteoporosis. |
| What are minerals need for? | Small amounts are needed to form cells such as Bone, Plant walls, Muscles and to also form Biomolecules. |
| What is Water in the body needed for? | Metabolic System, Transport ( blood and urine), Digesting starch, Dissolving molecules and maintaining a healthy internal environment. |
| What are the 2 types of Energy transfer reactions? | -Anabolic -Catabolic |
| What is an Anabolic reaction? | An Anabolic reaction is where energy is needed to make smaller molecules into bigger molecules (Endothermic Reaction). |
| What is an example of an Anabolic Reaction in the body? | Protein Synthesis. |
| What is a Catabolic reaction? | A Catabolic reaction is where energy is given off when a bigger molecule breaks down to make smaller molecules (Exothermic Reaction). |
| What is an example of a Catabolic Reaction in the body? | Breaking down of Biomolecules. |
| What is the chemical equation of Carbohydrates? | Cx(H2O)y |
Created by:
AW117
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