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Physical Science

TermDefinition
atom the basic unit of all matter--made up of protons, electrons and neutrons
average speed total distance divided by total time
buoyancy an object's ability to float
Circular/Revolution Movement of one object in a circular path around a second object
density the amount of mass of a given amount of space in an object; D=M/V
direction the path that a moving object follows
displaced forced out of a place
distance-time graph A visual representation of how far an object has moved over time
electron subatomic particle with a negative charge
element a substance consisting of one or more atoms of the same type; the most basic form of a material
energy The ability to do work or cause change
energy of position another way to explain potential energy
energy transformation A change from one form of energy to another
examples of kinetic energy 1. speeding bullet 2. flow of electric current 3. falling rock 4. flowing water
examples of potential energy 1. A roller coaster at the top of the highest hill 2. A rubber band pulled way back 3. The highest point when jumping on a trampoline.
graduated cylinder instrument used to measure volume of a liquid
grams/kilograms metric units used to measure mass
gravitational potential energy Potential energy that depends on the height of an object
irregularly shaped object an object whose dimensions cannot be measured linearly with a ruler, it has curves.
kinetic energy the energy an object has due to its motion
less dense the amount of mass in a given space is low
liters/milliliters metric units for measuring the volume of liquids
mass the measurement of the amount of matter something has in it
matter anything that has mass and takes up space
meniscus the curve that forms when measuring liquids in a graduated cylinder
meters/centimeters metric units used to measure length/height/width
molecule a group of atoms bonded together
more dense the amount of mass in a given space is high
motion change in position and/or direction
Nucleus contains protons and neutrons
neutron subatomic particle with no charge; located in the nucleus
pan the area on a triple beam balance where the object is placed to find its mass
periodic motion any motion that repeats at regular time intervals
periodic table A table that shows the elements, their atomic number, symbol, and average atomic mass; elements with similar chemical properties are grouped together.
position An objects location
potential energy energy that results from the position of an object
property characteristics; words we use to describe something/matter
proton subatomic particle with a positive electric charge; located in the nucleus
reference point A place or object used for comparison to determine if an object is in motion
Rider the part of the triple beam balance that is moved on knotch at a time to measure mass of an object; 100 g, 10 g, and 1 g
Rolling An object spins as it moves along a straight path
Sliding/Linear Motion motion along a straight line or path
sound energy Energy caused by an object's vibrations
speed The distance an object travels per unit of time
Spinning/Rotation movement of an object around a fixed point
stationary standing still; not moving
subatomic smaller than an atom
The formula for volume of a solid is length x width x height
thermal energy Energy due to temperature.
triple beam balance a tool used to measure the mass of an object (measured in grams)
volume the amount of space matter takes up
water displacement method a method that involves putting an object into water and carefully recording how much the water level rises
weight the measure of the pull of gravity on an object
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