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2102 Exam 1 pt 3

measuring forest products

QuestionAnswer
1. What is the difference between cruising and scaling? cruising: measuring standing trees scaling: measuring logs or bolts (trees already cut)
2. Derive K in BA = KD2, where BA is in sq.ft. and D in feet. Pi/4
3. Derive K in BA = KD2, where BA is in sq.ft. and D in inches. 0.005454
4. Derive K in BA = KD2, where BA is in m2. and D in cm. 0.00007854
5. Compute cubic foot volume of a 8-ft. log, given that diameters at both ends are 14” and 15”, respectively 116cu.Ft.
6. Name all formulas to compute cubic-foot volume of a log. Huber's: V = B1/2 L -3.5% Smalian's: V = (B + b) L / 2 9% Newton's: V = (B + 4 B1/2 + b) L / 6 0%
7. Name the following shapes (part of a tree). cone, cylinder, neiloid, parabaloid fustrum of cone, neiloid, parabaloid, (tops get cut off 1/2)
8. What is the device used to measure volume of an object by submerging it in water? xylometer
9. Compute cord volume of a stack of wood measuring 4’ x 8’ x 10’. Vcords = (Width x Height x Length) / 128 (all in feet) =2.5 Cords
10. The solid wood content of a cord is 128 cu.ft. True or false? Explain. Solid wood content: 60 - 95 cuft/cord. So this statement is false because the solid wood content is affected by bark thickness, bolt diameter, bolt length, straightness, knots, stacking.
11. Assume that 25% is air, how many cu.ft. of solid wood in a cord? 1 cord = 128 cuft 25% of 128= 1/4 of 128= 32 cuft 1 cord = (128-32) cu ft =96ft^3 solid wood in 1 cord
12. Assume that 25% is air, how many cords are there to contain 100 cu.ft. of solid wood? 25% of 100= 25cu ft = 75 cu ft 128 = 1 cord 75cu ft = X cord 128x = 75 75/128 = 0.5859 cords
13. What is 1 MBF of wood? Pine: 1 MBF = 16,000 lbs Hardwood: 1 MBF = 19,000 lbs
14. True or false? Solid wood content of a stack of wood increases with stick length. Solid wood content of a stack of wood increases with average bolt diameter. false true
15. Why is weight used now instead of volume in most lumber and paper mills? -good for irregular solids (pulpwood) where volume is difficult to obtain - for pulpwood, the product (pulp) is expressed in weight - faster - encourages delivery of freshly cut wood to the mill
16. An entry in Scribner Decimal C table is 12. What is the volume of that log? Be sure to include unit. V = 90.8 unit???
17. There are two broad types of log rules. a. _______________ log rules: example(s) is (are): b. _______________ log rules: example(s) is (are): Diagram: Scribner log rule Mathematical: Doyle log rule, International log rule
18. If the volume of a log from a log rule table was found to be 35 bd.ft., but volume of the boards sawn from that log totaled 42 bd.ft., what is the overrun/underrun percent? 100 x (mill tally - log scale) / (log scale) =1.6% underrun
19. Doyle log rule results in overruns for _________ (small, large) logs and underruns for __________ (small, large) logs. Explain why. Overrun for small logs and underrun for large logs (due to 4" slabbing allowance)
20. What is the difference between International-1/4” and International-1/8”? International-1/4": modified from International-1/8"
21. Draw a diagram that compares the log rules. What are the scaling diameters where they intersect one another? Comparison: - Scribner: always underscale >equal at 25". - Doyle: between 26" and 36" >equal at 28-29". - Int 1/4": very good.
22. In Doyle log rule construction, the first step was to assume a square cant from the log. What are the dimensions of this cant? D- 4 inches
23. True or false? Doyle volume is always lower than International-1/4”. Scribner volume is always lower than International-1/4”. Doyle volume is always lower than Scribner. True True False
24. From the following diagram, do you call it a crook or a sweep? crook has a little bump in it. sweep has scoliosis, its bent
25. When you scale logs, you have to know the __________ (minimum, maximum) scaling diameter and the __________ (minimum, maximum) scaling length. minimum scaling diameter maximum scaling length
26. What is a scaling diameter? small end (ib)
27. What is a scaling length? 2" intervals, trim allowance 2"-6"
28. True or false? Scaling defects include those imperfections that will result in losses of wood volume and log quality. Explain why. True. The imperfections include crooks and sweeps these reduce timber volume. However, do not reduce timber quality.
Created by: MaddieAlexE
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