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Med Inter final
12/08/23
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| _________________________________ is a disorder that can happen in pregnant women when there is high blood sugar levels. | gestational diabetes |
| ______________________________ are unique disorders because they can only be passed down from mother to child. | mitochondrial disorder |
| _________________________________ are disorders that are caused by a mutation of one nucleotide in a gene. | single gene disorder |
| _________________________________ are disorders that have missing, partially missing, or extra copies of a chromosome. | chromosomal disorder |
| _______________________________ are disorders that can be caused by imperfections in multiple genes. | multifactorial disorder |
| A(n) __________________ is the physical characteristics shown from a certain trait. | phenotype |
| A(n) __________________ is the specific alleles that determine what trait is shown in an individual. | genotype |
| A(n) _______________________ is an instrument used to run a PCR test by adjusting the heat that the sample is placed in. | thermal cycler |
| A(n) __________________________ is used to cut a specific sequence of DNA that can be tested through gel electrophoresis. | restriction enzyme |
| A(n) _____________________________ is an individual that studies the genome of a person or family in order to look for any abnormalities that may pose a threat to that person or their potential offspring. | genetic counselor |
| A(n) __________________ shows the picture of a person’s chromosomes. | karyotype |
| ______________________ is an enzyme used in PCR. | taq polymerase |
| ___________________________ is a test that can be done on an individual so they know if they could pass a specific condition down to their offspring. | carrier screening |
| ________ is a test that can be done to copy a small amount of DNA into an amount that can be tested. | PCR |
| ______________________ is a diagnostic test that can detect abnormalities in a fetus through the amniotic fluid. | amniocentesis |
| _______ is a diagnostic test that can detect abnormalities in a fetus through cells in the placenta. | CVS |
| A(n) ______________ is the complete sequence of an organism’s genes. | genome |
| A(n) _______ is a one base pair variation in a DNA sequence. | SNP |
| A(n) ________________ can give doctors a 2D or 3D image of something within the body through sound waves. | ultrasound |
| _________________________ is the broad definition of examining an individual’s genome. | genetic testing |
| A(n) _____________ is a short strand of DNA or RNA that is a complement to a template strand. | primer |
| A(n) _________ is a single unit of hereditary information that has a specific nucleotide sequence that codes for a specific function. | gene |
| _______ is a test where a genetic condition is tested for before the embryo is implanted in the uterus. | PGD |
| Dedicated medical professionals at the heart of the public health field, monitor the health of populations and search for patterns in disease are called a(n) __________________. | epidemiologist |
| A procedure that presents the immune system with a harmless variant of a pathogen, thereby stimulating the immune system to mount a long-term defense against the pathogen is called ______________. | vaccination |
| A DNA molecule made in vitro with segments from different sources is called __________________. | recombinant DNA |
| A type of epidemiologic study where a group of individuals with the diseases, referred to as cases, are compared to individuals without the disease, referred to as controls is called a(n) ___________________. | case-control study |
| A(n) _____________ affects an atypically large number of individuals within a population, community, or region at the same time. | epidemic |
| The result of a cut by a restriction enzyme that results in a straight cut through a DNA strand produces _________________. | blunt ends |
| A small ring of DNA that carries accessory genes separate from those of the bacterial chromosome is called a(n) ____________. | plasmid |
| A harmless variant of a pathogen that stimulates a host's immune system to mount defenses against the pathogen is called a(n) ____________. | vaccine |
| A branch of medical science that deals with the incidence, distribution, and control of disease in a population is called ________________. | epidemiology |
| A type of epidemiologic study where a group of exposed individuals (individuals who have been exposed to the potential risk factor) and a group of non-exposed individuals are followed over time to determine the incidence of disease is called a(n) | cohort study |
| A degradative enzyme that recognizes specific nucleotide sequences and cuts up DNA is called a(n) ________________________. | restriction enzyme |
| The result of a cut by a restriction enzyme that results in a zigzag cut through a DNA strand produces _________________. | sticky ends |
| Mechanical energy that is transmitted by longitudinal pressure waves in a medium (such as water or air) is called __________. | sound |
| The essential part of the vertebrate organ of hearing and equilibrium that includes the vestibule, the semicircular canals, and the cochlea is called the _____________. | inner ear |
| The ______________ is done with a tuning fork. The tuning fork is struck and then placed on the bone behind the ear until the individual can no longer hear it and then the tuning fork is turned around and pointed directly into the ear. | rinne test |
| A graphic representation of the relation of vibration frequency and the minimum sound intensity for hearing is called a(n) _____________. | audiogram |
| An electrical prosthetic device that enables individuals with sensorineural hearing loss to recognize some sounds and that consists of an external microphone and speech processor that receive and convert sound waves into electrical signals which are tra | cochlear implant |
| The outer visible portion of the ear that collects and directs sound waves toward the tympanic membrane by way of a canal which extends inward through the temporal bone is called the _____________. | outer ear |
| The amount of energy in a wave or its height is called the __________. | amplitude |
| _______________ hearing loss or impairment resulting from problems with the auditory nerves. | sensorineural |
| The intermediate portion of the ear containing a chain of three ossicles that extends from the tympanic membrane to the oval window and transmits vibrations to the inner ear is called the _____________. | middle ear |
| How rapidly sound waves vibrate each second is called the ______________. | frequency |
| The___________________ is used to assess how well an individual can hear in a noisy environment. | speech-in-noise test |
| _______________ hearing loss or impairment results from interference with the transmission of sound waves to the cochlea. | conductive |
| A substance produced by or derived from a microorganism and able in dilute solution to inhibit or kill another microorganism is called a(n) _____________. | antibiotic |
| Resistance to one or more antibiotics, usually due to additional genetic information is called _______________. | antibiotic resistance |
| The transfer of genetic material from one organism (such as a bacterium) to another by a genetic vector is called ____________. | transduction |
| The uptake and expression of foreign DNA by a cell is called _______________. | transformation |
| The DNA-containing area of a bacterial cell is called the __________. | nucleoid |
| A small ring of DNA that carries accessory genes separate from those of the bacterial chromosome is called a(n) __________. | plasmid |
| The one-way transfer of DNA between bacteria in cellular contact is called __________. | conjugation |
| A sudden rise in the incidence of a disease is called a(n) ______________. | outbreak |
| The process of determining the order of bases in DNA is called ______________. | DNA sequencing |
| A macromolecule that elicits an immune response by lymphocytes is called a(n) _____________. | antigen |
| The collection, classification, storage, and analysis of biochemical and biological information using computers especially as applied in molecular genetics and genomics is called ______________. | bioinformatics |
| The complement of an organism's genes; an organism's genetic material is called a(n) ____________. | genome |
| A(n) _________ is a quantitative in vitro test for an antibody or antigen in which the test material is absorbed on a surface and exposed either to a complex of an enzyme linked to an antibody specific for the antigen or an enzyme linked to an anti-immun | ELISA |
| The reactant on which an enzyme works is called a(n) ___________. | substrate |
| A protein serving as a catalyst; a chemical agent that changes the rate of reaction without being consumed by the reaction is called a(n) _____________. | enzyme |
| Any measure whose purpose is to improve health or alter the course of disease is called a(n) _______________________. | medical intervention |
| A stepwise dilution of a substance in solution is called a(n) _________________. | serial dilution |
| A program/website used to match a specific DNA sequence to a database of known pathogen DNA sequences is called ____________. | BLAST |
| A specific causative agent of disease is called a(n) ___________. | pathogen |
| A protein secreted by plasma cells (differentiated B cells) that binds to a particular antigen and marks it for elimination is called a(n) ______________. | antibodies |
| ______________________ are scientists involved in the field of bioinformatics. | bioinformaticians |
| A short piece of DNA or RNA that is complementary to a section of template strand and acts as an attachment and starting point for the synthesis strand during DNA replication is called a(n) ___________. | primer |
Created by:
rubysallee
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