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Cellular Respiration
(and Fermentation)
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| One gram of glucose = | 4 calories |
| What is cellular respiration? | the process that releases energy from food in the presence |
| What does cellular respiration do? | changes glucose into a form that is usable by cells (ATP) and produces carbon dioxide for use by plants in photosynthesis |
| What is the respiration reaction? | 6O2 + C6H12O6 = 6CO2 +6H2O + 36ATP |
| Pathways of cellular respiration that require oxygen are called _______. | aerobic |
| Pathways of cellular respiration that do not require oxygen are called _________. | anaerobic |
| Where do both the Krebs Cycle(Citric Acid Cycle) and the electron transport chain take place? | both are aerobic and occur in the mitochondria |
| Where does glycolysis occur? | in the cytoplasm |
| Is glycolysis aerobic or anaerobic? | anaerobic |
| If oxygen is not present, what type of anaerobic pathway is used to generate ATP? | fermentation |
| Photosynthesis _______ carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, and cellular respiration ____ __ ____. | removes; puts it back |
| During glycolysis, one molecule of _______ is transformed into 2 molecules of _______ ____. | glucose; pyruvic acid |
| What are the three phases of cellular respiration, in order? | glycolysis, Krebs Cycle(citric acid cycle), and electron transport chain |
| The electron transport chain uses the high-energy electrons from glycolysis and the Krebs cycle to _______ ___ __ ___. | convert ADP to ATP |
| About how many molecules of ATP are produced per molecule of glucose through cellular respiration? | 36 |
| Aerobic conditions produce __ _____ as much energy as anaerobic. | 18 times |
| What are the two types of fermentation? | Lactic Acid Fermentation and Alcoholic Fermentation |
| What is the formula for alcoholic fermentation? | Pyruvic acid + NADH = Alcohol + CO2 + NAD |
| What is the formula for lactic acid fermentation? | Pyruvic acid + NADH = Lactic acid + NAD |
| For exercise longer than about 90 seconds, ________ ___________ is the only way to continue generating a supply of ATP. | cellular respiration |
| What can bacteria and yeast make? | alcohol and carbon dioxide |
| What makes bread rise? | the CO2 produced from yeast |
| Glycolysis breaks glucose down into how many molecules of carbon? | 2 molecules of 3 carbon |
| What does ATP synthase function? | chemiosmosis |
| What is chemiosmosis primarily driven by? | a high concentration of protons |
| What are the reactions that break down complex molecules into simpler compounds? | catabolic reactions |
| When a molecule of glucose undergoes glycolysis, _ molecules of ATP are generated, resulting in a net production of _ ATP molecules for the glycolysis stage. | 4; 2 |
| Where does glycolysis occur? | in cytosol |
| When are the carbon atoms in a glucose molecule converted to carbon dioxide? | the citric acid cycle |
| What is oxidative phosphorylation? | a cellular process that harnesses the reduction of oxygen to generate high-energy phosphate bonds in the form of adenosine triphosphate(ATP) |
| Which of the processes of cellular respiration involve cytochromes? | the electron transport chain |
| What is produced by yeast when pyruvate is converted under anaerobic conditions? | ethanol |
| What enters the Krebs cycle during the breakdown of glucose? | acetyl CoA |
Created by:
alov9636
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