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wh1 sol

sol review questions 2010

Question	Answer
what shaped how early human societies lived their lives?	physical environment
on what continent did the first forms of man evolve?	africa
what form of early man emerged about 100,000 to 400,000 years ago?	homo sapiens
homo sapiens migrated from africa to where? (three places)	eurasia, australia, and the americas
How did early man gain his food?	hunting and gathering
early man was dependent on the availability of what?	wild plants and animals
early man was able to overcome his physical environment because he developed what?	culture
name 2 characteristics of hunter-gatherer societes	nomadic and lived in clans
name 4 things which developed during the Old stone age	first tools, fire, oral language, and cave art
what is another name for the old stone age?	paleolithic era
a person who migrates in search of food, water and shelter is a____?	nomad
what group developed the first tools and weapons?	old stone age
name 5 things which developed during the new stone age	agriculture, domestication of animals, used advanced tools, made pottery, and developed weaving skills
what is another name for the new stone age?	neolithic era
what effect did agriculture have on how early man lived?	rise of settled communities
what does carbon dating do?	tells the age of a fossil or artifact
what is an artifact?	evidence of an earlier life
who studies past culture by locating and analyzing human remains, fossils, and artifacts?	archeologist
what archeological site in england was built during the neolithic period and bronze age/	stonehenge
what did river valleys provide for early civilizations?	rich soil for crops and protection from invasion
the area located from the mediterranean coast to mesopotamia is called what?	fertile crescent
when did the first river civilizations appear?	3500 TO 55 b.c.
egypt is located next to what river?	nile river
what area is located between the tigris and euphrates river?	mesopotanian civilization
what river valley civilization was located in india?	indus
on what river was china's river civilization located?	huan he valley
the nile river is located on what continent?	africa
on what continent is mesopotamia located?	southwest asia
where did the first civilizations develop?	on rivers
what groups invaded river valley civilizations?	nomadic peoples
who settled between the mediterranean sea and jordan river valley?	hebrews
what group settled along the eastern mediterranean coast?	phoenecians
what civilization was located on the upper nile river valley?	kush
where were the "cradles of civilization" located?	river valleys
who ruled egypt?	pharoahs
how did rulers in the river valleys gain power?	hereditary
what is a dynasty?	family of hereditary rulers
true or false. most river valley civilizations had a rigid class system?	true
what was accepted in most river valley civilizations?	slavery and religion
the government of early mesopotamian civilizations often had a centralized government based on what?	religious authority
name the two written law codes of the fertile crescent	ten commandments and hammurabi's code
what is an empire?	land ruled by an emperor
what political system is characterized by a city and its surrounding lands?	city-state
what were two metals used to make tools and weapons?	bronze and iron
what group traded throughout the mediterranean sea and on middle eastern rivers?	phoenecians
name 3 reasons river valley civilizations had an agriculultural surplus	better tools, plows, and irregation
where were the world's first cities located?	river valley civilizations
people who do workd according to their skills are practicing what?	specialization of labor
what type of religion did most people of the fertile crescent practice?	polytheism
what type of religion did the hebrews follow?	monotheism
judaism is the foundation of what other religions?	christianity and islam
which civilization was the first to follow one God?	hebrews
who led the hebrews out of mesopotamia and helped found the jewish faith?	abraham
who received the ten commandments?	moses
what is the holy city of the hebrews?	jerusalem
who led the jews out of egypt?	moses
what states the proper moral and religious conduct for hebrews?	ten commandments
what is the written records and beliefs of the hebrews?	torah
what is the belief of one god?	monotheism
what is the relgion of the hebrews/	judaism
the hebrews were captured and taken to babylon. what is this called?	babylonian captivity
the hebrews were forced to leave palestince becaseu tehy rebelled too often. what is this called?	exile
what civilization used hieroglyphics?	egyptian
what were 2 important cultural innovations developed in early river valleys?	language and trade
what civilization developed the alphabet as we know it?	phoenecians
what civilization used cuneiform?	sumer
the eraliest written symbols were called what?	pictograms
the persian civilization developed from what previous civilizations?	central asian and mesopotamian
how did the persian treat people they conquered?	they tolerated them
what is a bureaucracy?	government..
what religion did the persians follow?	zoroastrianism
what did the persians do to improve communication and trade in their empire?	built roads
who had the largest empire in the ancient world before alexander the great?	persians
what was the second river valley in india to be settled?	ganges rier valley
who invaded and conquered the original indus river vallye civilization?	indo-aryan
what was india's rigidly structured social system based on occupation?	caste system
name 3 geographic barriers which made invading india harder?	himilayas, hindu kush, and the idnian ocean
what mountains are to the west of the indian sub-continent?	hindu kush
what mountains are to the east of the indian sub-continent?	himilayas
through what mountain range did invaders reach india?	hindu kush
what are the 2 main rivers of the indian subcontinent?	undus and ganges
what did the caste system influence?	social interactions and choices of occupation
during what empire was india's golden age of culture?	gupta empire
name 2 non-religious contribution of india	math, textiles, and literature
what was the religion of classical india?	hinduism
what religion believes in one major deity who takes many forms?	hinduism
the indian cycle of rebirth is called what?	reincarnation
future reincarnation based on present behavior is what?	karma
what are the sacreed writings of hinduism?	vedas and upanishads
what religion did siddhartha guatama found?	buddhism
where was buddhism founded?	nepal, india
what does a buddhist have to do to gain enlightenment?	eightfold path
who was buddha?	siddhartha guatmam
who sent missionaries to spread buddhism throughout asia?	asoka
what are the 2 basic beliefs of buddhism?	four noble turhts and eightfold path
in what river valley was classical china's civilization located?	hunag he
what is another name for huang he?	yellow river
from where did migratory invaders enter cnina?	north
why was the great wall built?	protection and to show that the empire was united
about when did china's civilization begin?	1500 B.C.
what 2 religions did china contribute?	confucianism and taosism
who built the great wall of china?	qin shi huangdi
the ruling families of china were called what?	dynasties
chinese rulers served under the authority of what?	mandate of heaven
what does this mean?	they ruled only as long as their rule was just
chinese emperors were considered to be what?	divine
what connected china to cultures as far away as rome?	silk road
people who worked for the bureaucracy of china were part of what?	civil service system
what fabric did china contribute to the world?	silk
name 4 contributions of classical china	civil service sustem. silk, porcelain, compass
what religion believes that humans are good, not bad?	confuciansim
name 5 beliefs of confuscianism	humans are good not bad, respect for elders, politeness, emphasis on education, ancestor worship
in what country do citizens respect their elders and worship their ancestors?	china
what belief of confucianism still influences china today?	code of politeness
what represents opposites in daoism and confucianism?	yin and yang sign
what religion believes in a simple life and inner peace?	taosim
what religion believes man should live in harmony with nature?	taoism
buddhism from where spread throughout asia?	china
what 3 religions are practiced in china?	taoism, confucianism, buddhism
what geographic feature shaped the economic, social, and political development of greece?	the physical geography of the aegean basin
the hellenic civilization took place in what country?	greece
how did the greeks spread the hellenic culture?	through trade and colonization
what sea is located east of greece?	aegean sea
waht sea is located south of greece?	mediterranean
what straight leads to the black sea?	bosporous
what peninsula is located east of greece?	greek
what area was located north of greece and was home of alexander the great?	macedonia
what wre the 2 main city-states of greece?	athens and sparta
why was agriculture limited in ancient greece?	limited arable land
to trade one good for another is to do what?	barter
what was the cheir occupation of the greeks?	trade
greeks practiced barter, but later changed over to what?	money economy
what geographical feature isolated and hindred the development of greek city-states?	mountainous terrain
why did the greeks colonize outside greece?	overpopulation and search for arable land
what did the design of greek city-states promote?	civic and commercial life
the greeks practiced what kind of religion?	polytheistic
name 3 things greek mythology explained	natural phenomena, human qualities, and life events
why is greek mythology still important today?	used for later western civilization
what did zeus represent?	kind of the gods
what did artemis represent?	moon and huntin
what did apollo represent?	sun, music, poetry
what did athena represent?	wisdom and war
what did hera represent?	queen of the gods
what did aphrodite represent?	love and beauty
what city-state had the most democratic government of its time?	athens
who were greek citizens?	free adult males
what respinsibility did greek citizens have?	civic participation in government
what 3 groups had no political power?	women, foreigners, slaves
what kind of government was ruled by one family who inherited power?	monarchy...dynasty
what government is ruled by a small group of nobles?	aristocracy
what government is ruled by one person who seixed power?	tyranny
what government is ruled by citizens who could vote?	democracy
who created written laws with severe punishment?	draco
who improved the legal system and expanded participation in the assembly?	solon
what city-state had a direct democracy?	athens
what 3 democratic principles began in athens?	direct democracy, public debate, and duties of the citizen
which greek city-state had a militaristic and aggressive society?	sparta
what greek city-state had an oligarchy?	sparta
which city-state had a rigid social structure?	sparta
what type of government is ruled by a small group?	oligarchy
which wars united athens and sparta against an external enemy?	persian
what was a result of the persian war for athens?	preserved their political independence
name 2 battles of the persian wars	marathon and salamis
a result of the persian war of the greeks was the control of what sea?	aegean
which war came first-pelopennesian or persian?	persian
what was the alliance headed by athens?	delian league
what war was casued by competition between athens and sparta for control of the greek world?	pelopennesian
what war caused a slowing of culture and a weakening of political power in greece?	pelopennesian
what was the alliance headed by sparta?	pelopennesian league
who was pericles?	ruler who extended democracy and rebuilt athens after the persian wars
who rebuilt athens after the persian wars?	pericles
what building was rebuilt after the persian wars?	parthenon
during the reign of ___, democracy was extended so all adult male citizens could vote and participate in the government/.	pericles
the golden age of pericles was between what 2 wars?	persian and pelopennesian
who wrote the illiad and the odyssey?	homer
name 2 greek dramatic playwrights	aeschylus and sophocles
name the first greek historian	heroditus
what greek historian wrote about the pelopenneseian war?	herodutus
who was the greek sculptor who created the statue of athena in the parthenon?	phidios
what were the 3 types of greek columns?	doric, ionian, and cointhian
who was the greek who developed the lever and pulley?	archimedes
who was the father of medicine?	hippocrates
name 3 greek philosophers	socrates, plato, and aristotle
who developed a theory about right triangles?	pythagoras
who was the father of geometry?	euclid
what war made it easier for the macedonians to conquer greece?	pelopennesian
what macedonian conquered most of greece?	phillip II
name 3 areas controlled by alexander the great	greece, egypty, and india
what did alexander the great spread?	greek culture
who conquered the persian empire and most of the ancient world?	alexander the great
how was hellenistic culture spread?	trough trade
what was hellenistic culture?	greek and oriental elements
where was rome located?	italian peninsula
name two advantages of rome's location	protection by the sea and an arc of mountains
what protected italy from northern invaders?	alps
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Created by: annerowee

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