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ENGLISH 2
Lesson 6: Principles of Effective Writing
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is Writing? | Writing is a medium of human communication that involves the representation of a language with written symbols. |
| Figure out what is being described: a group of interrelated sentences | Paragraph |
| Figure out what is being described: organized around a topic sentence | Paragraph |
| Figure out what is being described: contains an introductory sentence | Paragraph |
| Figure out what is being described: uses sentences to explain major points | Paragraph |
| Figure out what is being described: may use a concluding sentence | Paragraph |
| Figure out what is being described: organized around a thesis | Essay |
| Figure out what is being described: contains an introductory paragraph | Essay |
| Figure out what is being described: a group of paragraphs | Essay |
| Figure out what is being described: uses paragraphs to explain major points | Essay |
| Figure out what is being described: always uses a concluding paragraph | Essay |
| What are the parts of a paragraph? | Topic Sentence, Body, Cohesive Devices, and Closing Sentence |
| What is a topic sentence? | contains the main idea of the paragraph; it may present a stand, a question, or a statement |
| What is a body in a paragraph? and what other thing is it called? | provide additional information or details that prove or explain the main idea, its also called supporting details |
| What is cohesive devices? | words such as pronouns, conjunctions, and other transitional devices that show how the parts of the text are connected |
| What is a closing sentence and where is it used? | concludes the information or arguments presented in the text, in a paragraph |
| What are the parts of an essay? | Introduction, Body, and Conclusion |
| What are the parts in an introduction of an essay? | Lead or Attention-getter, Transitional Statement, Thesis Statement |
| What is the lead or attention-getter? | aims to hook the readers; provocative rhetorical question, statistics, a startling statement, an anecdote, a quotation, humor, or analogy |
| What are the parts in a Body of an essay? | 3 Major point with 2 minor details for each major point |
| What are the parts in a conclusion of an essay? | Reiteration of the thesis statement, Transitional Statement, and Closing Statement |
| What is the transitional statement in the introduction? | links the lead to the thesis statement; provides a background on the topic |
| What is a thesis statement? | states the central idea or argument of the essay |
| What is the reiteration of the thesis statement? | restatement using different structure and wording |
| What is the transitional statement in a conclusion? | recommendations, benefits of ideas presented, purpose of writing |
| What is the closing statement in a conclusion? | wraps up the essay; end it with a bang (link it to the attention-getter in the introduction) |
| What are the properties of a well-written text? | Unity, Language use, Coherence and Cohesion, Mechanics, Organization |
| What is unity? | achieved when a composition contains one focused idea all the supporting ideas are relevant to the main thought |
| What is Coherence and Cohesion? | achieved when ideas are logically, clearly, and smoothly linked to one another |
| What is Coherence? | occurs when ideas are connected at the conceptual or idea level, seen through well defended arguments and organized points, incoherent: if there are sentences that are misplaced or in the wrong order |
| What is Cohesion? | connection of ideas at the sentence level, seen through a smooth flow of the sentences and the connection of the ideas |
| What are the 3 techniques for cohesion? | 3 Techniques: -use of pronouns to refrain from using a specific word repeatedly -use of transitional devices to connect sentences with linked ideas -repetition of keywords to tie up the paragraphs |
| What is organization? | -achieved when ideas are logically and accurately arranged -knowledge of the parts of a composition is a great help in adhering to the correct organization of ideas |
| What is Language use? | enables the writer to effectively communicate ideas without confusing the reader achieved by observing the following time-tested principles in writing |
| How many rules/guidelines are there in language use? | 7 |
| What is the first rule in language use? | Use clear and concise sentences. |
| TRUE OR FALSE: On average, a sentence is *18* words long. Note that this does not require every sentence to be composed of exactly 18 words. | |
| What is the second rule in language use? | Avoid redundancies, wordiness, clichés, and hifalutin language. |
| What is redundancy? | something that is repeated unnecessarily or something that is not useful because there is already another or more advanced version |
| What is cliché? | a phrase or opinion that is overused and betrays a lack of original thought |
| What is Hifalutin language? | expressed in or marked by the use of language that is elaborated or heightened by artificial or empty means |
| What is the third rule in language use? | Avoid excessive use of “there” and “it” structures. |
| What is the fourth rule in language use? | Use precise vocabulary |
| What is the fifth rule in language use? | Be consistent with your pronoun’s point of view |
| What is the sixth rule in language use? | Avoid sexist language |
| What is the seventh rule in language use? | Use an appropriate level of formality |
| What is mechanics? | technical aspect of writing, characterized as a set of conventions on how to spell, abbreviate, punctuate, and capitalize a composition |
| How many guidelines/rules should you follow in academic writing? | 6 |
| What is the first rule in academic writing? | Always use standard English. |
| What is the second rule in academic writing? | Avoid contractions. |
| What is the third rule in academic writing? | Avoid exclamation marks unless they are part of a direct quotation. |
| What is the fourth rule in academic writing? | Mention the full name of an institution or organization with the abbreviation in parenthesis during the first mention. Thereafter, use the abbreviation |
| What is the fifth rule in academic writing? | Spell out numbers from zero to ten and write in figures those that are higher than ten. |
| What is the sixth rule in academic writing? | Use proper citations when writing texts. Typically, more citations are used in academic texts than in business texts. |
Created by:
annebelle
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