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u-7+6 body vocab
genetics and body systems
Term | Definition |
---|---|
cell | the basic building blocks of life |
nucleus | the control center of the cell that contains the DNA |
cell membrane | a layer on the outside of the cell that holds the cell together |
cytoplasm | the jellylike substance that fills the cell membrane |
unicellular organism | an organism that can survive as a single cell |
tissue | a group of cells that works together on a similar job |
organ | a group of tissues that work together to accomplish a particular function |
organ system | a group of organs that work together to perform an important function of the body |
active transport | requires energy to move a substance into or out of a cell |
passive transport | is a type of membrane transport that does not require energy to move substances across cell membranes. |
multicellular organism | plants and animals that have different cells to carry out different functions |
transport | to move people or goods from one place to another |
microscopes | a science tool that uses lenses to make tiny things look larger so they can be observed |
circulatory system | the group of organs that work together to move blood throughout the body |
cardiovascular system | another term for the circulatory system |
heart | the organ in the circulatory system that pumps blood throughout the body |
blood | a tissue made of blood cells floating in a liquid: carries materials throughout an animal’s body. |
vessels | a part of the circulatory system and function to transport blood throughout the body ; |
respiratory system | the group of organs that work together to take oxygen and release waste gasses |
nose | is the body's primary organ of smell and also functions as part of the body's respiratory system |
trachea | the tube in the respiratory system that connects the mouth and nose with the bronchi |
lungs | the two organs in the respiratory system that take oxygen from the air and release waste gasses into the air. |
skeletal system | the group of bones, cartilage, and other tissues and organs that work together to hold the body up, give it shape, protect inner organs, make blood cells and produce movement when muscles pull on bones |
bones | is an organ that forms the skeleton |
muscular system | the group of organs that cause movement of body parts. |
muscles | an organ in the muscular system that contracts and relaxes to produce movement |
digestive system | the group of organs that work together to break food down into nutrients that the body can use. |
mouth | where digestion begins |
esophagus | the tube in the digestive system that connects the mouth to the stomach |
stomach | the organ in the digestive system that churns food and mixes it with digestive juices |
intestines | the organ in the digestive system that removes water from undigested wastes before they leave the body |
small intestines | the organ in the digestive system that finishes breaking down food with digestive juices and absorbs nutrients |
large intestines | the organ in the digestive system that removes water from undigested wastes before they leave the body |
offspring | the young of an animal or plant |
inherit | to have (a characteristic, disease, etc.) because of the genes that you get from your parents when you are born |
trait | a quality that makes one person or thing different from another |
genetics | the scientific study of how genes control the characteristics of plants and animals |
DNA | a substance that carries genetic information in the cells of plants and animals |
learned trait/behavior | are behaviors that must be taught/learned |
acquired | A trait that is not inherited |
species | a group of organisms of the same kind that can mate and produce offspring like themselves |
population | all the organisms of the same species that live in the same place at the same time |
community | populations of different kinds of organisms that live in the same place at the same time |
culture | the customs, arts, social institutions, and achievements of a particular nation, people, or other social group. |
inherited trait | a characteristic that is passed from parents to their offspring |
genes | segments of DNA strands that code for a specific trait. |
parent | is a caregiver of the offspring in their own species |
variation | the occurrence of an organism in more than one distinct color or form. |
hereditary | the passing of traits from one generation to the next |
litter | a group of animal offspring born at the same time |
transmitted | occurring among members of a family usually by heredity |