click below
click below
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Genes
Part B:
Question | Answer |
---|---|
What is the role of chromosomes in cells? | - Chromosomes carry genetic information and help cells divide during reproduction. |
What is the material inside chromosomes made of? | - Chromatin is made of DNA and proteins. |
What are the main components of DNA? | - The three main parts of DNA are sugar , phosphate group, and nitrogenous bases. |
What are the chemical units that make up DNA? | - Nitrogenous bases, including adenine, thymine, cytosine, and guanine, make up DNA. |
What is the term for a three-base sequence that codes for an amino acid? | - Codon |
What do genes code for, resulting in the formation of proteins? | - Genes code for amino acids, which link together to form proteins. |
What is the specific term for a segment of DNA that determines a trait and What disorder results from a defective gene? | - Gene and Phenylketonuria. |
What genetic condition is caused by an extra chromosome 21? | - Down syndrome. |
What is the name of the genetic disorder characterized by progressive brain damage? | - Huntington's disease. |
What term describes an organism that has genes from another species? | - Transgenic organism. |
What is the process called when scientists modify an organism's genes? | - Genetic engineering. |
What are changes in the DNA sequence called? | - Mutations. |
What are agents that can cause mutations in DNA? | - Mutagens, such as radiation and certain chemicals. |
What process creates an exact genetic copy of an organism? | - Cloning |