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Mitosis
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is the growing and developing part of a cell called, and what is the part where the cell is divided into 2 daughter cells? | 1. Interphase 2. Mitosis |
| How many interphases are there, and what are they? | There are 3, growth phase 1 (G1), synthesis phase (S), and growth phase 2 (G2). Growth Phases - cell is growing and developing its organelles. Synthesis Phase - the chromosomes replicate in the nucleus |
| What is Mitosis? | Mitosis is a precess that divides the cell into 2 daughter cells. |
| What are the phases of the mitosis in order? | 1. Prophase 2. Metaphase 3. Anaphase 4. Telophase |
| What happens in prophase? | - centriole move to the opposite poles - nuclear envelope disappears - chromosomes coil up into visible structures |
| How many chromosome is in prophase if there are 23 chromosome at the beginning? | 46 |
| What happens in Metaphases? | - spindle fibres attach on the chromosome and line them up in the middle - spindle fibres attach to the centromere |
| When does the spindle fibres retract and pull half the chromosomes towards each centriole? | Anaphase |
| When are spindle fibres at the back of the centrioles and there are two nucleus that form around both sets of chromosome? This is also where chromosome uncoils to become chromatin. | Telophase |
| When is the first checkpoint? | Growth Phase 1 - lack of nutrients to support growth |
| When is the second checkpoint? | Synthesis Phase - the DNA strand s have not been replicated or have been damaged |
| What is the third checkpoint? | Metaphase - the chromosomes have not attached themselves to the spindle fibres and have not moved to opposite poles during anaphase |
| What is the cytokinesis? | Cytokinesis is when the cell membrane pinches off in the middle and separates into 2 daughter cells. (Copies of each other) |
| What is it called when cells die when it is too old to function? | Apoptosis |
| What is a tumour? | A tumour is essentially cells that clump together due to an uncontrollable urge to divide. |
| What makes cancer cells different from normal cells? | -can undergo Mitosis an unlimited number of times, unlike normal cells that can only undergo Mitosis 50- 60 times - it never dies on its own - does not function normally, its DNA is mutated by genetics |
| What happens if a cell is damaged beyond repair, and if the cell is infected by a virus or bacteria? | Cells have a suicide gene that would activate |
Created by:
Sath
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