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Mitosis

Part C

QuestionAnswer
What is interphase? The phase where the cell is growing & developing.
What is the first phase in interphase? The first growth phase (G1), where the cell is growing and developing its organelles.
Why can the cell stop growing in G1? There is a lack of nutrients to support growth.
What is the second phase? The synthesis phase (S), where the chromosomes replicate in the muscles. Chromosomes get multiplied by 2.
Why can the cell stop growing in S? The DNA strands have not been replicated or have been damaged.
What is the third phase? The second growth phase (G2).
What is after the third phase? Mitosis, where the cell divides into 2 daughter cells.
What phases are in mitosis? Prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase.
What is prophase? It is when the centrioles move to the opposite poles. The nuclear envelope disappears, and chromosomes have coiled up into visible structure.
What is metaphase? It is when spindle fibres attach onto the chromosomes and lin up in the middle, called the centromere.
What is anaphase? When the spindle fibres retract and pull half the chromosomes towards each centriole.
What is telophase? Spindle fibres are back in the centrioles, and nuclear envelopes start to form back around both sets of chromosomes. The chromosomes uncoil, becoming chromatins.
What is cytokinesis? The cell membrane pinches off in the middle & separates into 2 daughter cells.
What is apoptosis? It is when cells die when it becomes to old to function. It is carried out by lysosomes.
How many times can a cell undergo mitosis? 50-60 times
What are cancer cells? Cancer cells are harmful cells that can undergo mitosis unlimited number of times, so they keep expanding.
What is a tumour? It is when cells clump together due to an uncontrollable urge to divide. They can never die on their own. It becomes mutated by genetics.
Created by: NaveenP
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