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structure of earth

QuestionAnswer
DIRECT EVIDENCE a personal, straightforward observation
INDIRECT EVIDENCE a sign or circumstance that leads to a conclusion
SEISMIC WAVES vibrations produced by earthquakes
SEISMOGRAPH device for recording vibrations from earthquakes
SEISMOGRAM paper or electronic record of earthquake vibrations
INNER CORE the solid center of the Earth. The hottest and densest layer under the most pressure.
OUTER CORE liquid layer of the Earth’s core
CRUST outermost layer of the Earth; includes both the dry land and the ocean floor. It is thinnest beneath the oceans and thickest under high mountains.
RIGID stiff
MANTLE the layer of hot, mobile rock between the crust and core.
MOBILE moving easily
LITHOSPHERE a rigid layer formed by the crust and the uppermost part of the mantle.
PLATE large moving section of lithosphere that contains continents and/or seafloor.
ASTHENOSPHERE the softer, deeper layer of the mantle which can flow slowly.
MOLTEN melted; changed to a liquid form by heating
CONVECTION CURRENTS circular movements in the mantle caused by the difference in temperatures from the bottom to the top of the mantle. Hot columns of mantle (heated by Earth’s core) rise, and then cool and fall, and then are warmed again and rise.
COMPOSITION the makeup of a substance (what ingredients it is made of).
DENSITY mass per unit volume of a substance. Determined in part by how closely packed particles are. Increases from the Earth’s crust to the core.
PRESSURE amount of force, or pressing, on a substance. Increases from the Earth’s crust to the core.
TEMPERATURE degree of heat. Increases from the Earth’s crust to the core.
Created by: 7coralscience
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