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What is Anthropology
What is Anthropology? Unit 1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is Cultural Anthropology? | Also known as social or sociocultural anthropology. The study of customary patterns in human behavior, thought, and feelings. It focuses on humans as culture-producing and culture-reproducing creatures. |
| Name four fields or "subgroups" of Anthropology | Cultural Anthropology, Archaelogy, Physical Anthropoology; and Linguistic Anthropology |
| What are the Anthrological Perspectives? | a. Holism b. Realativism c. Comparativism d. Ethnocentrism e. Cultural Relativism |
| What is the difference between Ethnocentism and Cultural Relativism? | Ethnocentism is the perspective that your own culture is superior. CR is the perspective that all cultures have worth. |
| What is Ethnography? | A written decription of a single culture. Example: Ruth Underhill (traditional) |
| Define Culture: | Socially patterned and learned thoughts and behavior that is passed on from generation to generation and that guides human behavior and is the Unique Way humans adapt to natural and social environment. |
| What is Ethnology? | Relates to comparativism: The comparative study of specific aspects of 1-2 cultures. |
| What is Participant Observation? | Living and participating in the daily lives of people being studied without actually becoming a member of the culture. |
| What is Ethnographic Present? | A specific period of time during which a culture is studied and information is recorded. (A snapshot in time) |
| What are three aspects of "Culture" | 1. What people make - material culture 2. What people think 3. The way people act or behave |
| What is a Sub-Culture or a microculture? | A culture within a mulitcultural society. Social groups w/i a larger society. Same distinctive language, beliefs, and behaviors. |
| What is an Ethnic Group? | A dependant culturally distinct population that forms part of a larger state and that formally was autonomous (African Americans) |
| What are some of the aspects of World View? | The way people perceive and interpret reality and events. It can include physical and spiritual aspects, one's purpose in life, whether there is a creator, if there is evil and where it comes from, time and space, economic conditions, and values. |
| What can one's World View lead to? | Generalizations and steriotypes.People overuse resources and produce garbage (less people = less garbage) |
| Define Acculturation | Refers to the culture change that occurs when 2 or more cultures come into contact and the smaller scale population (non-western)changes |
| Define Holistic Perspective | Holistic Perspective: An attempt to understand all the factors of the community, rather than focusing on a single aspect. |
| Define Comparative Perspective | General theoretical ideas about humans or human societies or cultures must be tested from a comparative perspective. (nature, sexuality,warfare,family,and relationships) |
| Define Relativism | All cultures have intrinsic worth and must be understood on their own terms. No culture is inherently superior or inferior to any other. Your culture does it this way, we do it that way. |
| Define Archaeology | Archaelogy – Study of the non-written past. The study of the past using material objects that people use (artifacts). |
| What is Biological (or physical) anthropology? | Also known as biological anthropology. The systematic study of humans as biological organisms. Study of diversity (physiological) among human populations and the study of human ancestors (migrations of human populations). Genome Project (DNA) |
| Define Linguistic Anthropology | Linquistic Antrhopology – Study of human language (the human language is the most complex). Including historical connections and documentation of language that are going extinct. |
| Define Ethnography | A detailed description of a particular culture primarily based on fieldwork. |
| Define Ethnology | The study and analysis of different cultures from a comparative or historical point of view, utilizing ethnographic accounts and developing anthropological theories that help explain why certain important differences or similarities occur among groups.. |
| What is the Biocultural approach? | Focusing on the interaction of biology and culture |
| What is Anthropology? | The study of humankind in all times and places. |
| What is the holistic perspective? | A fundamental principle of anthropology: that the various parts of human culture and biology must be viewed in the broadest possible context in order to understand their interconnections and interdependence. |
| What is applied anthropology? | the application of anthropology to the solution of human problems |
| What is fieldwork? | The term anthropologists use for on-location research |
Created by:
teriltucker
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