Elementary Statistics 2004
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| show | Observations (such as measurements, genders, survey responses) that have been collected
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| show | A collection of methods for planning experiments, obtaining data and then organizing, summarizing, presenting, analyzing, interpreting, and drawing conclusions based on the data
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| show | The complete collection of all elements (scores, people, measurements, and so on) to be studied
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| Population | show 🗑
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| Census | show 🗑
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| show | A subcollection of members selected from a population
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| show | must be collected in an appropriate way, such as through a process of random selection
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| If sample data are not collected in a appropriate way, | show 🗑
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| TYPES OF DATA??? | show 🗑
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| Parameter | show 🗑
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| Parameter | show 🗑
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| Statistic | show 🗑
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| Based on a sample | show 🗑
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| Quantitative data | show 🗑
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| show | weights of supermodels
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| Interval level of measurement | show 🗑
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| show | Data that can be arranged in order and for which differences between data values are meaningful
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| show | shoe sizes [US vs Europe] and temperature
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| Interval data | show 🗑
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| show | Data that can be arranged in order, for which differences between data values are meaningful, and there is an inherent zero starting point.
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| Ratio level of measurement | show 🗑
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| show | prices of textbooks; $50 is half of $100
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| Ratio level of measurement | show 🗑
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| show | is continuous.
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| show | HIGHEST LEVEL OF DATA
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| Ratio level of measurement | show 🗑
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| show | can be further distinguished between discrete and continuous.
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| show | Data that results when the number of possible values is either a finite number or a “countable” numbers.
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| show | Counting-type things
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| Discrete Data | show 🗑
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| Continuous (numerical) Data | show 🗑
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| Continuous (numerical) Data | show 🗑
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| show | amounts of milk from cows
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| Qualitative (or categorical or attribute) data | show 🗑
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| show | The genders (male/female) of professional athletes
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| Nominal Level of Measurement | show 🗑
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| Nominal Level of Measurement | show 🗑
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| show | cannot be arranged in an ordering scheme (such as low to high)
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| Nominal Level of Measurement | show 🗑
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| show | Colors of cars driven by college students (red, black, blue, etc.
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| Ordinal Level of Measurement | show 🗑
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| Ordinal Level of Measurement | show 🗑
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| show | Ranking cities; those ranked 1st, 2nd, 3rd, etcBut, the differences between ranks are meaningless
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| Money and Counting are | show 🗑
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| show | Interval
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| Ages are | show 🗑
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| show | always convenience sampling
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| show | self-selected surveyBad samplesSmall samplesMisleading graphsPictographsLoaded Questions
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| show | Order of Questions
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| Misuses of Statistics | show 🗑
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| Randomness | show 🗑
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| Observational Study | show 🗑
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| show | Data are observed, measured, and collected at one point in time.
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| show | Data are collected from the past by going back in time.
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| Prospective (or Longitudinal or Cohort) Study | show 🗑
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| show | Apply some treatment and then observe its effects on the subjects. (Experimental group.) Doing something to affect what happens.
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| Experimental Key Elements | show 🗑
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| control | show 🗑
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| show | Occurs in an experiment when the experimenter is not able to distinguish between the effects of different factors.
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| Blinding | show 🗑
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| Double-blind | show 🗑
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| Blocks | show 🗑
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| show | Subjects are put into blocks through a process of random selection
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| show | Subjects are very carefully chosen so that those in each block are similar in the ways that are important to the experiment.
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| show | Selection so that each has an equal chance of being selected
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| show | of size n
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| show | Select some starting point and then select every Kth element in the population
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| systematic sampling | show 🗑
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| show | Use results that are easy to get, choosing the first 10 people who get off work
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| show | Subdivide the population into at least two different subgroups that share the same characteristics, then draw a sample from each subgroup (or stratum
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| Cluster Sampling | show 🗑
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| Sampling Error | show 🗑
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| Nonsampling Error | show 🗑
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Review the information in the table. When you are ready to quiz yourself you can hide individual columns or the entire table. Then you can click on the empty cells to reveal the answer. Try to recall what will be displayed before clicking the empty cell.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
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Created by:
mcb