Functional Areas of Practice 2
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| This act imposed two requirements on transportation. Mass transit system must be accessible and paratransit service must be provided to people who are incapable of driving or using public transit. | American with Disabilities Act 1990
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| This was the successor to ISTEA and served to continue and improve many ISTEA program such as road and transit planning and the flexible allocation of funds for transit and transportation improvement. | TEA 21 1998
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| This occurs when a state coordinates transportation and infrastructure planning with other types of planning (growth, education) | Concurrency
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| This ensures that the negative impact of transportation is not directed at any one particular group or minority. | Environmental Justice
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| This provided better coordination between transportation planning and land use planning. This act also established the transportation enhancements program which earmarked federal funds for public transit, alternate trasportation modes, pedestrian walkways | Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act
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| Required that all federal highways abide by certain uniform design standards. Enacted during the Eisenhower administration This act was one of the primary cause or urban sprawl becuase it encouraged auto usage and less dense development patterns. | National Interstate and Highway Defense Act 1956
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| This program seeks to improve air quality by implementing various techniques and actions. They have planning horizon of between 6 and 7 years but are normally updated by the state every 3 to 5 years. | Transportation Improvement Program
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| This is the standard unit of measurement on travel deman models and travel forecasts. It covers a geographic area where land use is similar throughout and is normally the size of a census tract. | Traffic Analysis Zone
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| Estimates the volume of trip origins and trip destinations | Trip Generation
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| Examines trips across traffic analysis zones. | Trip Distribution
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| Determines split of trips | Modal Split
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| determines pathway (street, public, transit line, sidewalk, etc.) used by each trip. | Trip Assignment
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| Rates current conditions within a particular traffic stream using a qualitative scale. | LOS
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| This seeks to reduce the danger posed to neighborhoods by high traffic volume and speed. | Traffic Calming
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| Identifies and implements strategies for reducing traffic congestion. Such as flex time, parking cost increase, and car pools. | Travel Demand Management
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| This increases safety efficiency, capacity and coordination of traffic systems by implementing computer sensing and information gathering technologies such as auto toll collection, coordianted signals and changeable freeway signs. | Intelligent Transportation System
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| This is the right of way along a street. | Cartway
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| How much public sewer systems in urban areas is collected per person? | 150 gallons.
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| this treats waste water after it has been collected. | Secondary Treatment system
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| Applies to a group of procedures designed to indentify any drop in air qaulity. It tests for traces of nitrogen dioxide, carbon dioxide, sulfor, carbon and particulate matter. | Prevention of significant deteriation
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| helps to protect green areas and open space by utilizing high density development, which creates tighly clustered development on certain parcels an no development on other parcels. | Cluster Development
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| These are linear stretches of open situated along both natural features (streams, rivers, ridglines) and manmade features. Systems can be used to connect multiple wildlife habitats or to create water quality buffers that filter runoff and prevent pollu. | Greenways
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| This approach is problematic because the single person or group usually lacks all the required knowledge and public support is difficult to garner without participatory processes. | Rational Planning
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| This is compact development that integrates mixed uses, redevelopment and revitilization of existing neighborhoods rather than new construction, preservation of open space in countryside and urban areas. | Smart Growth
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| Planners implement an overarching land use strategy by undertaking numerous small projects or enacting a series of policy changes over time. | Incremental Planning
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| Seeks to make land use planning more responsive to the concerns of low-income families and minorities. Planners work on behalf of disadvantaged socioeconomic groups and minorities. Public participation is key in this type of planning. | Advocacy Planning
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| Are a set of management cultural and structural practices that are intended to decrease pollution and can be applied in barious types of planning and development. | Best Management Practices
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