AICP Functional Areas of Practice - Land Use Regulations
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| When did the subdivision of land, or platting, first appear in the U.S.? | show 🗑
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| What is a subdivision? | show 🗑
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| Plat | show 🗑
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| show | Allows for lots to be subdivided further or added back together.
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| Amending plat | show 🗑
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| Vacating plat | show 🗑
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| show | To-scale mechanical drawing, with precise topography and prescribed intervals showing calculated location of all lots, streets, drainage patterns, facilities, and proposed dedications.
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| show | Approved preliminary plat with all bearing, monuments, curves, and notations, together with all dedications, easement, and approvals.
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| Purposes behind subdivision regulations (1/2) | show 🗑
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| Purposes behind subdivision regulations (2/2) | show 🗑
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| show | 1. Submits preliminary plat; 2. Preliminary plat reviewed x staff for compliance w/ subdivision regs; 3. Plat reviewed x planning commission; 4. Once approved x commission, property owner prepares final plat; 5. Final plat repeats steps 1-4 until approved
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| Where do subdivision regs apply? | show 🗑
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| show | Common agreement btwn prop owner & muni to ensure final plat is built as shown, w/in certain time period. If developer fails to meet reqs, gov may use to cover cost of constructing improvements. Released once improvements are in place + inspected.
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| show | Dedications = gifts of land for public purposes, e.g. roads, parks, utilities. Impact fees = typically charged for off-site infrastructure to provide service to a development, e.g. water or sewer main.
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| show | Subdivision bonuses = extension of dev. benefits in exchange for affordable housing, cluster housing or open space preservation etc. Developer may receive assistance w/ infrastructure, impact fees waived, or ability to construct at higher density.
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| Purposes of Zoning | show 🗑
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| show | Protect property values; Promote health / safety; Protect environment; Promote comm aesthetic; Manage traffic; Manage density; Encourage a variety of housing; Attract businesses and industries.
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| Common things zoning regulates | show 🗑
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| Who handles zoning? | show 🗑
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| Staff | show 🗑
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| show | Appointed members. This body is required to issue recommendations in matters of zoning. These recommendations are made to a governing body (e.g., the City Council or County Commissioners). In other cases, P&Z renders final approval of cases.
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| Board of Zoning Appeals (BZA), aka Board of Zoning Adjustment or Zoning Board of Adjustment | show 🗑
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| City Council (or County Commission) | show 🗑
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| Zoning Text, ordinance, or code | show 🗑
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| show | Applies zoning to individual properties. A color-coded map showing which types of land uses allowable where. Generally detailed city map overlaid with various colors/patterns depicting the type of zoning for each property.
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| Traditional Color Coding for Land Uses | show 🗑
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| show | 1) amendment to the zoning ordinance or text 2) amendment to the zoning map
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| show | Changes the requirements for all properties. For example, an ordinance limiting the size of satellite dishes would apply to all properties.
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| show | Changes zoning district on a particular property. E.g. a developer may apply to change the zoning from an agricultural district to a single-family district. If approved, the map would be changed to reflect the new assigned zoning district.
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| Who can initiate amendments | show 🗑
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| show | 1. Run with the land 2. Run with the ownership
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| nonconforming use | show 🗑
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| show | Sets a definite period of time within which the use must come into compliance with the zoning ordinance. controversial because requires that ordinance administrators determine fair period of time in which use can continue before full compliance.
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| show | Incidental to main use of a property. Typically located on same lot as main use and smaller in size. Examples include: outside sales, outside storage, a telecommunications tower, home occupations, and a garage apartment.
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| Planned Unit Developments (PUDs) | show 🗑
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| show | Location AND property + all abutting properties & streets; size of streets w/in dev; proposed use of buildings within the development; capacity of nearest infrastructure/public facilities; Proposed landscaping + pedestrian ways; open space; Sign sizes.
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| show | place more restrictions on the property owner. A set of additional restrictions that are placed over the top of an existing zone. Two common types are for airports and historic preservation.
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| Airport overlay district | show 🗑
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| show | May include additional protections to significant architectural elements. Frequently, an architectural review is required in this type of overlay.
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| Variance | show 🗑
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| show | 1) Unique to surrounding property; 2) Must have a physical or economic hardship; 3) Will not result in a reduction in property values; 4) Property owner did not cause the need; 5) change is not contrary to spirit of zoning ordinance.
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| Big-box retail | show 🗑
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| Maximum parking standards | show 🗑
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| McMansion | show 🗑
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| Parachute Home | show 🗑
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