Groundwater Terminology E-H
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| Erosion | The wearing down or washing away of the soil and land surface by the action of water, wind, or ice.
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| Evaporation | The conversion of a liquid (water) into a vapor (a gaseous state) usually through the application of heat energy during the hydrologic cycle; the opposite of condensation.
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| Evapotranspiration | The water loss from soil through both evaporation and transpiration from plants.
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| Filtering | The soil's ability to attenuate substances by retaining chemicals or dissolved substances on the soil particle surface, transforming chemicals through microbial biological processing, retarding movement, and capturing solid particles.
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| Flow rate | The time required for a volume of groundwater to move between points. Typically groundwater moves very slowly—sometimes as little as inches per year.
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| Fresh water | Water with less than 0.5 parts per thousand dissolved salts.
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| Gaining stream | A stream in which groundwater discharges contribute significantly to the streamflow volume. The same stream could be both a gaining stream and a losing stream, depending on the conditions.
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| Gas (gaseous) | See vapor.
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| Gray water | Domestic wastewater composed of wash water from household sinks, tubs, and washers.
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| Groundwater | Water found in the spaces between soil particles and cracks in rocks underground (located in the saturation zone). Groundwater is a natural resource that is used for drinking, recreation, industry, and growing crops.
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| Groundwater basin | The underground area from which groundwater drains. The basins could be separated by geologic or hydrologic boundaries.
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| Groundwater divide | The boundary between two adjacent groundwater basins, which is represented by a high point in the water table.
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| Groundwater under the direct influence (UDI) of surface water | A groundwater source close enough to surface water, such as a river or lake, to receive direct surface water recharge. Since a portion of the groundwater source’s recharge is from surface water, the groundwater is at risk of contamination from pathogens
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| Hydrogeology | The study of the interrelationships of geologic materials and processes with water, especially groundwater.
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| Hydrologic cycle | (aka the water cycle) The paths water takes through its various states--vapor, liquid, solid--as it moves throughout the oceans, atmosphere, groundwater, streams, etc.
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| Hydrology | The study of the occurrence, distribution, and chemistry of all waters of the earth.
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Created by:
shepherdanna