AICP Exam Transportation Planning
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| ADT | Average Daily Traffic
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| ADDT | Annual Daily Traffic
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| VMT | Vehicle miles Traveled
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| Principal Arterials | serve longer trips, carry the highest traffic volumes, carry a large percentage of the VMT on minimum mileage,
and provide minimal land access
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| Minor Arterials | interconnect the principal arterials, provide less mobility,
smaller geographic areas than principal arterials
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| Collectors | provide both land access and traffic circulation with residential, commercial, and industrial areas by collecting
and distributing traffic to these areas
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| Local Streets | provide direct access to adjacent land and to the higher classified streets
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| Orgin Destination Study | a detailed survey to estimate travel demands on a traffic system. Road blocks set up and motorists within the cordon area asked questions on where they are traveling to/from.
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| Peek Hour/period | the highest volume of traffic in a day
- usually 4:30 - 5:30 PM
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| Level of Service | the ability of a road or street to accommodate traffic flow determines the level of service provided. Free flowing
or delayed flow determines a high level of service whereas, high traffic volumes, too many access points, and
poor signal timing causes lo
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| single-family residential | 10 Vehicle Trips per Unit
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| planned unit developments | 8 Vehicle Trips per Unit
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| duplexes and townhouses | 7 Vehicle Trips per Unit
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| apartments & condos | 6 Vehicle Trips per Unit
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| mobile homes | 5.5 Vehicle Trips per Unit
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| retirement homes | 3.5 Vehicle Trips per Unit
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| shopping center | Range of parking: 1:1000 to 5:1000 (spaces:Gross Leasable Area)
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| office | Range of Parking: 1:2000 to 3:1000 (spaces:Gross Leasable Area)
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| general office | 1:300 (spaces:gross floor area)
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| office & medical center | Range of Parking: 1:10 to 3:4 (spaces:employees)
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| medical center | Range of Parking: 3:4 to 9:2 (spaces:beds)
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| university/college | Range of Parking: 1:10 to 1:2 (spaces:students)
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| university/college | Range of Parking: 4:5 (spaces:staff persons)
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| hotel | Range of Parking needed: 1:5 to 3:2 (spaces:rooms)
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| restaurant | Range of Parking Needed: 5:1000 to 25:1000 (spaces:Gross Leasable Area)
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| resident | Range of Parking Needed: 1:5 to 2:1 (spaces:units)
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| cross tabulation model | estimates trip generation rates based on land use type, purpose, or socioeconomic characteristics.
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| gravity model | provides trip estimates based on proportional attractiveness of the zone and inversely proportional to the trip length.
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| trip distribution | examines where people are going. Regions are divided into traffic zones (TZA)and data is provided on # of trips between zones.
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| Modal Split | deals with how people get to where they want to go. car, bike, walk,bus
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| Highway Capacity Manual | provides concepts, guidelines, & procedures for computing highway capacity.
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| Level of Service (LOS) | ranges from A to F based on amount of congestion. A = freeflowing and F means heavily congested with reduced speeds and increased time to get through traffic signals.
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| Federal Aid Highway Act | adopted in 1944 based on President Roosevelts 1939 system of highways the Act designated 65,000 kilometers of highway as interstate highways. The Act didnot initially provide any funding.
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| Public Roads Administration (PRA) | responcible for implementing the interstate highway system. It did not have funding until 1952.
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| Road Design | focuses on everything from the nature of the street to actual design guidelines for local streets.
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| Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991 (ISTEA) | Provied funding for highways, transit, pedestrian and bicycle facilities. TEA-21, TEA3, & SAFETEA followed
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| Metropolitan Planning Organizations (MPOs) | created to meet federal requirements for urban transportation planning. Federal Aid Highway Act required urban areas w/ populations in excess of 50,000 to develop comprehensive transportation plans.
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| Transportation Improvement Program (TIP) | In MPOs with population of 200,000 or greater a TIP is created that lists all projects for which federal funds are anticipated along with non-federally funded projects that are regionally significant. The plan prioritizes the projects.
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| Transportation Demand Management (TDM) | General term used to describe strategies for the efficient use of transportation. (car sharing, flextime, public transit, park-n-ride, HOV lanes, & telecomuting.
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| Tranit Oriented Development (TOD) | resiential and commercial developments designed to maximize access to different modes of transportation. Focus is not on car travel.
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| traffic calming | involves changes in street alignment, barriers, and other physical changes to the street coridor to reduce traffic speeds and cut-through traffic. (chicane, choker, roundabouts, speed humps, speed tables, traffic circles)
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Created by:
cwardplan