GIS Midterm
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
|
|
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GIS | Geographic information system. A computer system used for capturing, storing, query, analyzing, and displaying geospatial data
🗑
|
||||
| geospatial data | data that describes the locations and characteristics of spatial features on the Earth’s surface
🗑
|
||||
| vector data model | use of points and x
🗑
|
||||
| raster data model | use of grid and grid cells to represent continuous features such as elevation and precipitation
🗑
|
||||
| data exploration | general exploration of data trends and possible relationships among data sets. Can use maps for data classification and comparison.
🗑
|
||||
| data analysis | 7 classifications: spatial data input, attribute data management, data display, data exploration, data analysis, GIS modeling
🗑
|
||||
| ESRI | ArcGIS software manufacturer
🗑
|
||||
| ArcGIS | main ESRI software product. Scalable system with ArcView, ArcEditor, and ArcInfo
🗑
|
||||
| Projection | The process of transforming the spatial relationship of features on the Earth’s surface to a flat map
🗑
|
||||
| Reprojection | Projection of spatial data from one projected coordinate system to another
🗑
|
||||
| geographic coordinate system | A location reference system for spatial features on the Earth’s surface
🗑
|
||||
| latitude | The angle north or south of the equatorial plane
🗑
|
||||
| longitude¬ | The angle east or west of the equatorial plane
🗑
|
||||
| meridians | Lines of longitude that measure locations in the E
🗑
|
||||
| parallels | Lines of latitude that that measure locations in the N
🗑
|
||||
| sphere | Earth is NOT a sphere
🗑
|
||||
| spheroid/ellipsoid | A model that approximates the Earth with the major axis along the equator and the minor axis connecting the north and south poles
🗑
|
||||
| geoid | irregularly surfaced ellipsoid, better representing the varying elevations of Earth’s surface
🗑
|
||||
| Clarke 1866 | A ground
🗑
|
||||
| NAD 27 | North American Datum of 1927, based on Clarke 1866, has center at Meades Ranch, Kansas
🗑
|
||||
| NAD 83 | North American Datum of 1983, based on the GRS80 spheroid, origin at center of spheroid
🗑
|
||||
| GRS 80 | A satellite
🗑
|
||||
| WGS 84 | A satellite
🗑
|
||||
| Datum | The basis for calculating the geographic coordinates of a location. A spheroid is a required input to the derivation of a datum
🗑
|
||||
| map projection | A systematic arrangement of parallels and meridians on a plane surface
🗑
|
||||
| false easting/northing | a value applied to the origin of a coordinate system to change the x
🗑
|
||||
| projected coordinate system | A plane coordinate system that is based on a map projection
🗑
|
||||
| map scale | ratio of map distance to the corresponding ground distance
🗑
|
||||
| state plane coordinate system (SPC) | A coord. system developed in the 1930s to record original land survey monument locations in the US. Most states have >1 zone based on the SPC27 or SPC83 system
🗑
|
||||
| on | the
🗑
|
||||
| raster data model | a data model that uses rows, columns, and cells to construct spatial features
🗑
|
||||
| cell value | spatial characteristics in that cell, changes in cell value reflect spatial variation
🗑
|
||||
| integer (categorical) | no decimal digit, represents categorical data, such as habitats.
🗑
|
||||
| floating | point (continuous)
🗑
|
||||
| cell size | determines the resolution of a raster cell—smaller cell, more detail
🗑
|
||||
| spatial reference | information that allows raster data to spatially align with other GIS data sets
🗑
|
||||
| georeferenced raster | a raster that has been processed to match a projected coordinate system
🗑
|
||||
| remote sensing | acquisition of information without making physical contact
🗑
|
||||
| Landsat (NASA) | geo
🗑
|
||||
| digital elevation model (DEM) | array of uniformly spaces elevation data, point based but can be converted to raster
🗑
|
||||
| digital orthophoto quad (DOQ) | digitized image of an aerial photograph or other remotely sensed data in which the displacement caused by camera tilt and terrain relief has been removed.
🗑
|
||||
| digital raster graphic (DRG) | scanned image of a USGS topographic map, ground resolution of 2.4 meters
🗑
|
||||
| USGS topographic map (7 ½ minute quads) | 1:24,000
🗑
|
||||
| ESRI Grid | format in which ArcGIS stores raster data
🗑
|
||||
| cell | by
🗑
|
||||
| run | length encoding (RLE)
🗑
|
||||
| quad tree (recursive decomposition) | division of a raster into a hierarchy of quadrants as to make cells smaller and more precise
🗑
|
||||
| header file | project file for a coordinate system including information about the raster, data structure, area extent, cell size, number of bands, and value for no data
🗑
|
||||
| data compression | reduction of data volume. Lossless: preserves cell or pixel values and allows the original raster or image to be precisely reconstructed.
🗑
|
||||
| MrSID | Mulitresolution Seamless Image Database
🗑
|
||||
| Rasterization | conversion of vector data into raster data
🗑
|
||||
| Vectorization | conversion of raster data into vector data
🗑
|
Review the information in the table. When you are ready to quiz yourself you can hide individual columns or the entire table. Then you can click on the empty cells to reveal the answer. Try to recall what will be displayed before clicking the empty cell.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Created by:
caroline.chandler