In each blank, try to type in the
word that is missing. If you've
typed in the correct word, the
blank will turn green.
If your not sure what answer should be entered, press the space bar and the next missing letter will be displayed. When you are all done, you should look back over all your answers and review the ones in red. These ones in red are the ones which you needed help on. Question: Undifferentiated, precursor, or stem cells are names for:Answer: Immature Question: Cells which are considered highly include:Answer: Lymphocytes, , Erythroblasts, and Intestinal Crypt Cells Question: What is considered to be the most radiosensitive phases of the cell ?Answer: G1 into S-Phase Question: What are to be the most radioresistant phases of the cell cycle?Answer: Mid-to Late S-phase Question: What is to be the most radiosensitive part of a cell?Answer: Question: Cell death which occurs mitosis is termed:Answer: Interphase Question: Chromosome produced radiation damage can be analyzed during which portion of the cell ?Answer: Metaphase Question: What will affect cell response to ?Answer: Linear Energy Transfer(LET), Biologic Effectiveness(RBE), Oxygen Enhancement Ratio(OER) Question: What is a measure of the energy transferred to material as an ionizing particle travels through it? This measure is used to quantify the effects of radiation on biological specimens.Answer: Energy Transfer(LET) Question: What is the measure of the capacity of a specific ionizing radiation to produce a specific biological effect, expressed relative to a reference , such as radium gamma rays or 200-volt x-raysAnswer: Relative Biologic (RBE) Question: What refers to the enhancement of therapeutic or detrimental effect of ionizing radiation due to the presence of ?Answer: Enhancement Ratio(OER) Question: The breakdown of using radiation is termed:Answer: Radiolysis Question: An uncharged that contains a single unpaired electron in its outermost shell, which makes it chemically unstable and highly reactive is termed:Answer: Free Question: The primary effect of macromolecules in vitro include:Answer: Main-Chain Scission, Cross-Linking, Lesions Question: What occurs when the thread or backbone of a long-chain is broken, resulting in numerous smaller molecules:Answer: Main-Chain Question: What creates a stickiness on a macromolecule, causing it to connect to another , or to another section of the same moleculeAnswer: -Linking Question: Irradiation of may result in disturbance of single chemical bonds, which create molecular lesions, also known as:Answer: Lesions Question: At low radiation doses, most cellular damage is the result of:Answer: Lesions Question: At the doses received in diagnostic radiology, only _____ types of chromosomal aberrations are seen:Answer: -Hit Question: What is said to occur when an original ionizing event occurs directly on that ,e.g. DNA:Answer: Interaction Question: What occurs if the initial ionizing incident takes place on a distant noncritical molecule, which then transfers the of energy to another molecule?Answer: Interaction Question: hat is most commonly acted upon directly by ionizing radiation to indirect effects?Answer: Water Question: A graphical representation of effects compared with radiation dose is termed:Answer: Dose-Response (curve) Question: A graphical representation of the relationship between radiation dose and observed response, in any dose may have a potential effect, and there is a direct relationship between dose and effect:Answer: Linear Dose-Response Question: On a dose-response curve, the where radiation begins to produce an effect is known as the:Answer: Question: Answer: Assumes that any radiation dose produces an Question: According to the target theory, what is considered to be the critical in the cell?Answer: Question: Which portion of the cell curve proves that some damage must accumulate before death can occur?Answer: Shoulder Question: What is considered to be most ?Answer: Question: How does oxygen retention affect cell ?Answer: Radiosensitivity Question: What is used to describe cell damage from radiation that is not to kill the cell?Answer: Sublethal Question: Why is free radical formation considered such a to humans?Answer: Free radicals have been observed to toxic effects Question: Of the of accumulate , which is the most radiosensitive?Answer: Question: As Linear Energy Transfer(LET) , how is Relative Biologic Effectiveness(RBE) affected?Answer: With an increase in LET, RBE also Question: The type of irradiation damage most likely to abnormalities in base sequences, and thus cell mutation, would be?Answer: Base Question: The term _____ is used to describe the effects of radiation on cells that are adjacent to those directly affected by radiation:Answer: Bystander |
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