In each blank, try to type in the
word that is missing. If you've
typed in the correct word, the
blank will turn green.
If your not sure what answer should be entered, press the space bar and the next missing letter will be displayed. When you are all done, you should look back over all your answers and review the ones in red. These ones in red are the ones which you needed help on. Question: Answer: Increase urine Question: How do work?Answer: By glomerular filtration rate and decreasing tubule reabsorption Question: What are the of diuretics?Answer: , High Ceiling (loop), Osmotics, Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors, Potassium Sparing Question: How do work?Answer: By decreasing the reabsorption of Mg, Na, Cl, water, carbonic acid, and K. Also, it increases the of glucose, Ca and lipids. Question: What is the prototype for ?Answer: HCTZ Question: What are some uses for diuretics?Answer: to treat hypertension and edema. To decrease interocular pressure and to the eye for surgery. Question: HCTZAnswer: hydrochlorozide. The for thiazides. Question: What is the prototype for high diuretics?Answer: /furosemide Question: How do high /loop diuretics work?Answer: By decreasing of Ca, Na and Cl. Question: What are they key of thiazides?Answer: They are not a strong diuretic, they take 2 hours to start working, they can be used to treat hypercalcemia in the urine, they are a poor choice to use on diabetics and risk of allergy in who are allergic to sulfonamides. Question: What are adverse effects of diuretics?Answer: hypotension, fluid deficit, hypokalemia, hyponatrimia, Question: What are some causes of ?Answer: heart failure, failure, poor circulation Question: PolyureaAnswer: large urine Question: OligureaAnswer: small output Question: Answer: no output Question: EdemaAnswer: excessive in the tissues Question: HypokalemiaAnswer: low levels of serum Question: How is mannitol/Osmitrol ?Answer: By IV Question: /OsmitrolAnswer: diuretic Question: Why would you need to monitor hr and when using potassium sparing diuretics?Answer: abnormal potassium affects the conduction of nerve impulses and myocardial contraction Question: How do potassium diurectics work?Answer: Promotes the loss of sodium and potassium Question: What is a risk with using an diuretic?Answer: hypervolemia then Question: What are the key of high ceiling diuretics?Answer: stronger/faster onset of action, sodium restriction is often needed, hypercalcemia, is ototoxic Question: Which diuretic would you use to treat anuria, increased IOP, and/or ?Answer: diuretics Question: /AldactoneAnswer: potassium sparing Question: Explain how osmotic diuretics affect the blood Answer: fluid is drawn from the tissues into the blood, as the blood filters through the kidneys, is excreted. If too much water is excreted then hypovalemia can occur. Question: How do carbonic inhibitors work?Answer: by inhibiting bicarbonate reabsorption and by production of aqueous humor and cerebrospinal fluid Question: What is the for the osmotic diuretic?Answer: /Osmitrol Question: What are uses for osmotic diurectics?Answer: Used to anuria, increased IOP, and edema Question: How do diuretics work?Answer: By increasing osmotic pressure in blood and in the filtrate. Question: What are the key of potassium sparing diuretics?Answer: There is the potential for hyperkalemia, supplements are not needed, monitor hr and rhythm. Question: What is the potassium diuretic?Answer: /Aldactone Question: Why is a sodium restriction needed in conjunction with use of a high diuretic?Answer: post-diuretic effect Question: /LasixAnswer: high (loop) diuretic Question: why are a poor choice as a diuretic for pts w/diabetes?Answer: b/c it increases serum and lipids Question: Why are thiazides in treating elevated urine calcium?Answer: B/c it increases of Ca. (meaning less Ca in the urine!) Question: Carbonic anhydrase prototype?Answer: /Diamox Question: What are the key points of carbonic anhydrase ?Answer: Reduces IOP and ICP (intercranial )also decreases blood pH. Question: When your pt is on what do you need to monitor?Answer: I&O, weight, edema, serum electrolytes, neuromuscular status, glucose and mental status. Question: When your pt is on a diuretic, what you see on thier I&O?Answer: output should be higher than Question: What is the best for detecting fluid loss or gain?Answer: daily Question: Where is most prevalent?Answer: ankles, on the back (when pt is on bed rest). And auscultation of the lungs may reveal edema. Question: Serum glucose is most likely to be affected by which type of ?Answer: Question: assessment of reflexes and muscle tone may be indicative of ____. This is important b/c _____.Answer: electrolyte imbalance; conduction and muscle activity depend on specific concentrations of electrolytes. Question: cerebral edema causes ______.Answer: or decreased alertness. Question: What are signs of ?Answer: hypotension, , dry mucous membranes and concentrated urine. Question: What are of hypokalemia?Answer: pulse, hypotension, weak respirations, muscle weakness, and abdominal distention. Question: What do you need to know administering potassium?Answer: always and give slowly Question: In a pt w/hyponatremia, what you assess for?Answer: Hypotension, , oliguria, confusion, and abdominal cramps. Question: In a pt w/hypocalcemia what you assess for?Answer: neuromuscular Question: In a pt w/hypercalcemia what you assess for?Answer: neuromuscular function Question: What do you need to do to hypocalcemia?Answer: provide Ca as Question: How do you treat ?Answer: fluids to prevent urinary stones, administer a high ceiling diuretic as ordered Question: What you include in pt teaching about diuretics?Answer: take diuretics in the morning, report muscle weakness, palpations, cramps, confusion, reduce sodium intake (as ordered), salt subtitutes contain potassium Question: /DiamoxAnswer: anhydrase inhibitor Question: Which group of pts are at higher risk for sodium ?Answer: the |
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