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Which organ system provides support, protection of soft tissue, mineral storage, and blood formation?
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Which organ system transports nutrients, metabolic wastes, gases, and defense cells?
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A&P Test 1
First Test of Fall 2012 Semester
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Which organ system provides support, protection of soft tissue, mineral storage, and blood formation? | Skeletal |
| Which organ system transports nutrients, metabolic wastes, gases, and defense cells? | Cardiovascular |
| The kidneys and ureters are organs of the ________ system. | Urinary |
| The pituitary gland and thyroid gland are organs of the ______ system. | Endocrine |
| Which organ system removes carbon dioxide from the bloodstream? | Respiratory |
| Skin, hair, and nails are associated with the ________ system. | Integumentary |
| The maintenance of a constant internal environment in an organism is termed _________ | homeostasis |
| When body temperature rises, a center in the brain initiates physiological changes to decrease the body temperature. This is an example of __________ | negative feedback |
| If a response decreases a disturbance, the system is classified as a ______ feedback system. | Negative |
| If a response increases disturbance, the system is classified as a _________ feedback system. | Positive |
| This type of feedback exaggerates the effects of variations from normal | Positive |
| The smallest stable units of matter are ______ | Atoms |
| Ions with a + charge are called _______ | Cations |
| Ionic bonds are formed when ___________ | Electrons are completely transferred from atom to another |
| If a pair of electrons is unequally shared between two atoms, a(n) ________ occurs | Polar covalent bond |
| The reaction A + B energy ------> AB is an example of a(n) _______ | endergonic reaction |
| Chemical reactions that yield energy, such as heat, are said to be _______ | Exergonic |
| All of the following true concerning enzymes, except that they _______ | Are consumed during the reaction |
| Which of the following substances would be most acidic? | Stomach secretions, pH = 1 |
| If a substance has a pH that is greater than 7, it is ________ | alkaline |
| Carbohydrate molecules _________ | are the body's most readily available source of energy |
| A polysaccharide that is formed in liver and muscle cells to store glucose is _________ | glycogen |
| Lipids __________ | form essential structural components of cells, provide roughly twice the energy of carbohydrates, help to maintain body temperature, and cushion organs against shocks |
| The most abundant high- energy compound in cells is | Adenosine triphosphate |
| Hydrophilic molecules readily associate with _________ | water molecules |
| Carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins are classified as __________ | organic molecules |
| Of the following choices, the pH of the least acidic solution is _______ | 12.0 |
| Identify which of the following is both an anion and a compound: | HCO3- |
| Which of the following is not a cation? | Cl- |
| In hydrolysis reactions, compounds react with ___________ | water, causing decomposition |
| In dehydration reactions, compounds ________ | lose water molecules |
| A(n) ___________ removes hydrogen ions and a(n) ________ releases hydrogen ions. | base; acid |
| The smallest living unit within the human body is | The cell |
| The plasma membrane is composed of _________ | a bilayer of phospholipids |
| Which of the following is NOT a function of membrane proteins? | cell nutrient |
| Functions of the glycocalyx include _________ | lubricating and protecting the cell membrane, identifying the cell for the immune system, binding extracellular compounds |
| Components of the cytoskeleton may include all of the following except __________ | microsomes |
| Most of the ATP required to power cellular operations is produced in the _________ | mitochondria |
| Which of the following consists of a network of intracellular membranes with attached ribosomes? | rough endoplasmic reticulum |
| Organelles that absorb and neutralize drugs and toxins are _________ | Peroxisomes |
| When activated, lysosomes function in ________ | digestion of foreign material |
| The control center for cellular operations is the _________ | nucleus |
| mRNA is needed to synthesize ________ in the cytoplasm | proteins |
| The process of protein formation directed by mRNA is called _________ | translation |
| The process of forming mRNA is called ________ | transcription |
| The movement of oxygen from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration is an example of __________ | diffusion |
| Diffusion of a substance across the cell membrane is influences by all of the following except ___________ | hydrolysis of ATP |
| Water molecules and small ions can enter a cell through __________ | channels formed by integral proteins |
| A solution that contains a lower osmotic pressure than the cytoplasm of a cell is called _________ | hypotonic |
| Facilitated diffusion differs from ordinary diffusion in that | the rate of molecular movement is limited by the number of available carrier molecules |
| A process that requires cellular energy to move a substance against its concentration gradient is called ________ | active transport |
| The intake of small membrane vesicles from the extracellular fluid is called _________ | endocytosis |
| Which of the following about a cell's resting transmembrane potential is false? | Inside slightly more positive than outside |
| The stage in a cell's life cycle in which the cell performs its normal functions and prepares for division is called________ | interphase |
| Membrane proteins perform which of the following functions? | Anchoring, receptors, recognition, and enzymes |
| Many proteins in the cytosol are ______ that accelerate metabolic reactions. | Enzymes |
| Endocytosis is __________ | a method for transporting substances into the cell |
| Some cells contain large numbers of mitochondria which others have relatively few or none. This suggests that ________ | Cells with large numbers of mitochondria have a high energy demand |
| The skin swells and puckers during a long back. This suggests that bath water is a(n) ________ fluid. | Hypotonic |
| Two types of vesicular transport include __________ | endocytosis and exocytosis |
| During mitosis, two daughter cells form, each of which has ________ | the same number of chromosomes as the original cell |
| A substance containing atoms of different elements that are bonded together is called a(n) _________ | compound |
| Which of the following is NOT a function of proteins? | storage of genetic information |
| If the concentration of sodium chloride is the interstitial fluid surrounding cells decreases and the concentration of solutes remains constant, ___________ | the cells will swell |
| Which of the following is not one of the 4 main tissue categories? | Osseous tissue |
| Epithelial cells that are adapted for absorption or secretion usually have _______ at their free surface. | microvilli |
| A type of intercellular junction that stops materials from crossing an epithelium between cells is termed a(n)___________ | occluding junction |
| The epithelia that line body cavities and blood vessels are classified as __________ | simple squamous |
| Simple columnar epithelia are found_______ | lining the stomach |
| Transitional epithelium is found __________ | lining the urinary bladder |
| The heart and blood vessels are lined by __________ | simple squamous epithelium |
| You would find pseudo stratified columnar epithelium lining the _________ | trachea |
| Osseous tissue is also called _________ | bone |
| Cartilage is separated from surrounding tissues by a fibrous _________ | perichondrium |
| Chondrocytes are to cartilage as osteocytes are to _________ | bone |
| Which of the following is a type of secretion in which some cytoplasm is lost with the product? | apocrine |
| Cels that store fat are called _________ | adipocytes |
| Each of the following is an example of dense connective tissue, except _________ | areolar tissue |
| Tissues that provide strength and support for areas subjected to stresses from many directions are ___________ | dense irregular connective tissues |
| Which of the following membranes line cavities that communicate with the exterior of the body? | mucous |
| The reduction of friction between the parietal and visceral surfaces of an internal cavity is the function of _________ | serous membranes |
| The muscle tissue that shows no striation is ________ muscle | smooth |
| Tissue that is specialized for the conduction of electrical impulses is ________ tissue | neural |
| Watery perspiration is an example of a(n) ________ secretion | merocrine |
| The pancreas produces ________ secretions | exocrine and endocrine |
| Cells that engulf bacteria or cell debris within loose connective tissue are __________ | macrophages |
| Characteristics of epithelia include __________ | attachment, avasularity, regeneration, and polarity |
| The junction type that lets neighboring cells exchange small molecules is the _________ | gap junction |
| The 3 types of connective tissue include _________ | connective tissue proper, fluid connective tissues, and supporting connective tissues |
| Two classes of macrophages include ________ | fixed macrophages and free macrophages |
| ___________ attach skeletal muscles to bones, and ________ connect one bone to another | tendons; ligaments |
| The 3 types of protein fibers in connective tissue are __________ | collagen, reticular, and elastic |
| Intercalated discs and pacemaker cells are characteristic of ________ | cardiac muscle tissue |
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HeatherOdom