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AmGovCh2Test9/20/12
Ch. 2 Origins of American Government
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What 3 main ideas from England help shaped the new government in America | -ordered gov. -limited gov. -representative gov. |
| What three historical English documents were use to help shape the new gov. in American? | -Magna Carta (1215) -Petition of Rights (1628) -English Bill of Rights (1689) |
| What did the Magna Carta include? | Fundamental rights such as trial by jury and due process |
| What did the Petition of Rights include? | It said that the King could not quarter troops, order martial law in peace time, or imprison people without just causes |
| What did the english Bill of Rights include? | No cruel or unusual punishment, rigth to fair trial, and elections should be free. |
| How many years did it take for the colonies to be established? | About 125 years |
| What were the royal colonies? | -8 out of the 13 -subject to direct conrol of the crown -the king named a govenor as chief execuative of the colony and a council to serve the governor. |
| What were the Proprietary Colonies? | -PA, DE, MD -Run by the owner of the land(granted ownership by king) -could appoint governor if wanted |
| What are the Charter Colonies? | -CT, RI - mostly self-governing -governors were elected, enjoyed many freedoms |
| Why did England begin to tax the colonists huge amounts? | England was in debt from fighting the French and Indian War in America |
| What was the first atempt to unify? | The New England Confederation but it faild |
| What was the second atempt to unify called that was made by Ben Franklin? | The Albany Plan of Union (failed) -said that delegates from each of the colonies would meet and could, if they wanted to, raise an army and regulate trade |
| What was the atemot to unify that succeded? why did it work? | The Stamp Act Congress(worked:) 1760s -had the greatest representation from the colonies and come together to boycott English taxes -colonies came together because they were all angry |
| What Act did the king put in place to punish the colonies for the boycotting and the tea party? | The Intolerable Acts |
| What did the colonies do in response to the Intolerable Acts? | The colonies came together(except Georgia) in 1774 at the 1st Continental Congress |
| What important documents did the 1st Continental Congress send to the King after dabating for two mounths? | A Declaration of Rights (they also refused to trade with England at this time) |
| Why was the Second Continental Congress called May 1775? | They had agrees after the 1st one if there were no improvements they would call a second |
| Had the Revolution started by the time the 2nd Continental Congress met? | Yes |
| What did the 2nd Continental Congress do? | -served as countries 1st gov. for 5 years (was unicameral- had both legislative and executive branch) - fought revolutionary war, raised and army/navey, borrowed money, bought supplie |
| What was singed July 4th 1776? | The Declaration of Independence |
| What were the 4 parts of the Declaration of Independence? | Preamble, Right for all people, British wrongs, and declare independence |
| what did colonies like NH begin to do in January of 1776? | They began to adopted state constitutions -MA has the oldest still used today |
| What are the four common features of State Constitutions? | -popular sovereighty -limited gov. -Civil Rights and Liberties -Separation of powers and Checks + balences |
| In November 1777 The Articles of Confederation were approved by most of the colonies. When was it really put into effect and why? | Not until 4 years later because Maryland would not ratify |
| What was the structure of the gov. under the Articles? | -unicameral, each state only 1 vote -No national judicial branch -No president, presiding officer -and congress had some powers |
| what were the powers of Congress? | Could make war and peace, send and recieve ambassadors, make treaties, borrow $, create$, establish post offices, settle disputes among states |
| What were the weekness of the Articles? | -1 vote per state -Congress powerless to collect taxes+ regulate foreign and inerstate trade -No execuative (president) to enforce laws -No national court system -Amend only w/ consent of all states -to pass a law 9/13 states have to agree |
| What did the articles create among the states that is also concidered a weekness? | "A firm league of friendship" |
| What happened in 1783 after the Treaty of Paris? | -fighting, states made deals w/ other countries, Shay's Rebellion - poeple saw need for stronger gov. |
| What happen as a result of the chaos within the states? | A group of delagates attended the Philadelphia convention, are called framers |
| Was the plan of the Philadelphia Convention to create the new Constitution? | No, but after weeks of debating realized they needed a whole new plan for the gov. |
| Who was the president of the P Convention? | Washingtion |
| How did the P Convention take place? | in seacret |
| who took notes during the P Convention? | James Madisom |
| What plan did James Madison come up with? | The VA plan |
| What did the Virginia plan include? | -favored big states -BICAMERAL 3 branches, Execuative (president chosen by congress), Judicial, and Legislative (Congress-> HOR *chosen by people based on population* Senate *chosen by HOR*) -more people= more reps.= more power |
| What plan did William patterson propose? | The NJ plan |
| What did the NJ plan include? | -favored small states -unicameral -every state= 1 vote -3 presidents |
| What was the Great Compromise? | - The plan that brought together the ideas of both plans (but mostly the VA plan) |
| Northern View on the issue if the slaves would count? | -Dont want slaves to count in population -Dont have many slaves anyway -dont want the south to have more power |
| Southern View on the issue if the slaves would count? | -Want the slaves to count for population -more population= more reps= more power |
| What did they do to settle the agrument about the slaves countiong as population? | The 3/5's Compromise |
| On september 17, 1787 the delegates approved+ singed the constitution. When was in ratified and why? | -not until 4 years later -anti-federalists and some stats would not ratify |
| Why did the Anti-Federalists object to the constitution? | - no metion of God -states could not print own money - No Bill of rights |
| Even though 9/13 states ratified the constitution why was that not enough? | VA and NY had not ratified- big and powerful |
| What was done to convince VA and NY to ratify? | -Book "The Federalist" -A Bill of rights was added |
| Was Jefferson a federalist or an anti-federalist? | anti-federalist |
| After VA and NY approved the Constitution what city was named the capital? | NYC |
| Who was the 1st President and his VP? | George Washington and John Adams |
| Where was Washington sworn in? | NYC |
| Dont forget..... | Essay Questions! |
Created by:
Jen Walls
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