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CT Intro AR U 1

CT Intro Arkansas Unit 1 Vocab

QuestionAnswer
Minimize to reduce a window on the screen to a button on the taskbar
Motherboard a circuit board that contains all of the computer system’s main components
Network connects one computer to other computers and peripheral devices
Operating systems systems software that provide an interface between the user or application program and the computer hardware
Output devices enable the computer to give you the results of the processed data
Random Access Memory (RAM) where instructions and data are stored on a temporary basis; this memory is volatile
Read-Only Memory (ROM) permanent storage; instructions are burned onto chips by the manufacturer
Restore to return a maximized or minimized window to its previous size
Scroll bar band on the right side or bottom of a window that you click to bring different parts of a document into view
Software intangible set of instructions that tell the computer what to do
Supercomputers largest and fastest computers, capable of storing and processing tremendous volumes of data
Systems software a group of programs that coordinate and control the resources and operations of a computer system
Technology the application of scientific discoveries to the production of goods and services that improve the human environment
Title bar the horizontal band in a window that displays the name of the program, data file, or another type of window
Tool bar a band near the top of a window that has groups’ icons or buttons that will execute certain commands when clicked
Troubleshooting analyzing problems to correct faults in the system
Universal Serial Bus (USB) standard for computer ports that support data transfer rates of up to 12 million bits per second
Virus a computer program that is written to cause corruption of data
Window rectangular area of the screen used to display a program, data, or other information
Utility software systems software that perform tasks related to managing the computer’s resources, file management, diagnostics, and other specialized chores
Task bar the horizontal band at the bottom of the desktop that includes the Start button, minimized window buttons, and a row of icons usually related to input and output devices
Plug and play technology that allows a hardware component to be attached to a computer so that it is automatically configured by the operating system
Graphical User Interfaces (GUIs) – operating systems with graphical symbols representing files, programs, and documents Hardware the tangible, physical equipment that can be seen and touched
Icons graphic images or symbols that represent applications (programs), files, disk drives, documents, embedded objects, or linked objects
Input devices enable the user to input data and commands into the computer
Mainframe computers large, powerful computers that are used for centralized storage, processing, and management of very large amounts of data
Maximize to enlarge a window on the computer to fill the computer screen
Menu bar the horizontal bar near the top of a window that lists the different types of menus to choose from when working with documents
Microcomputer sometimes called a personal computer; used at home or at the office by one person; can fit on top of or under a desk
Microprocessor an integrated circuit silicon chip that contains the processing unit for a computer or a computerized appliance
Microsoft’s Disk Operating System (MS-DOS) originally introduced with the IBM PC in 1981
Minicomputer type of computer that is designed to serve multiple users and process significant amounts of data; larger than a microcomputer, but smaller than a mainframe
American Standard Code for Information Interchange (ASCII) – coding system that computers of all types and brands can translate Application software also called productivity software; helps you perform a specific task, such as word processing or spreadsheets
Bit in binary, a bit represents a zero or one
Byte a byte is another word for character; generally represented by eight bits
Central Processing Unit (CPU) also known as the microprocessor; the brains of the computer
Computer electronic device that receives data, processes data, stores data, and produces a result
File extension the part of a file name that comes after the period called a “dot”
File name the name assigned for identification
Folder a way to organize files into manageable groups
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