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Conditions Test 2b
Conditions Chap 7 for test 2 SRM
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Tendons(sinew)p301 | Made of tough strands/cords, of dense connective tissue:attach muscles to bones. Non-elastic: do not offer much give but they can withstand the tension created by our muscles contracting. ("Tender"=Bone to muscle) |
| Ligaments p301 | Made of tough, dense, fibrous bands of connective tissue, hold bones together either around a joint capsule (hip) or across the joint (knee). They allow movement in one direction while restricting it in another (stability). (Bone to Bone) |
| Strain p.332 | Injured tendon, muscle or other tissue resulting from: overuse, overstretching, escessive forcible stretching (of tissue beyond functional capacity) |
| Sprain p332 | Acute partial Tear of a ligament. Graded 1st, 2nd, & 3rd degree.ligament. It is a more serious condition that includes blood vessel and nerve damage (blood clots and hair line fractures are a concern). |
| How long does it typically take a strain or sprain to heal pg 334 | 2-6 weeks for both dependent upon severity |
| Which limb is most commonly amputated & why p333 | The legs due to atherosclerosis & constant gangrene. 2ndry causes include trauma, frostbite, thermal/electical burns, infection & malignancy |
| What is the difference between a cummulative trauma or an acute strain or sprain? | cummulative is the result of chronic overuse vs. acute which is from an immediate injury/trauma |
| Dislocation | Forcible displacement of a bone from its joint (completely) causing loss of joint function |
| Subluxation | Partial but not total displacemnt of bone from its joint |
| Why is it important to have a sprain/strain diagnosed? | To rule out any FXs |
| T/F: Dislocations & Subluxations are only caused by accidents, sports injuries or other traumas. | FALSE. Congenital weakness, arthritis, Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome (hypermobility/skin laxity) can all contribute (+etc) |
| Adhesive Capsulitis AKA Frozen Shoulder p335 | Very limited ROM due to inflammation,scarring,thickening,&shrinkage around the shoulder capsule.Site is stiff/painful:either localized or encompasses the upper arm/neck, can disrupt sleep. Shoulder may be permanently impaired (frozen)after pain’s gone. |
| What causes (etiology) Adhesive Capsulitis p336 | Inflammation of the sapsule with secondary scarring--usually begins after a slight injury/problem such as bursitis & tendonitis |
| Importance to OT (Frozen Shoulder) p336 | Teach/assist with ROMs, use cold/heat therapy, Finger Tree, Stem, NSAIDs,reinjury avoidance |
| What are the most common dislocations | shoulder, hip, fingers, spinal column |
| What is the most common dislocation in the shoulder | An anterior dislocation (A/C Joint) |
| If you have a dislocation of the shoulder from a stroke, where is it likely to occur | Bottom of Acromion |
| As an OT, your patient's shoulder just popped out of socket. Should you attempt to pop it back in real quick, so you can put some heat/ice on it? | NO! Only people trained in reductions should attempt to reduce a dislocation otherwise you could further damage. |
| How do you diagnose sprains/strains/dislocations/subluxations? | xrays |
| Who is most likely to get Frozen shoulder? | Middle aged women, diabetics, chest/breast SX pat's |
| How long does the pain in frozen shoulder usually last | around 3-4 months |
| Severed Tendon p336 | When a tendon is torn completely into 2 sections preventing the muscle from performing its function of moving a body part |
| What are the 2 most common severed tendon sites | Hands & Heels |
| How is severed tendon corrected | Always by SX |
| Importance to OT (Severed Tendon) | Need to move ASAP w/o using muscle as to reinjure! (use special splinting=dynamic splint) Follow Dr's protocol for how soon to move |
| Shin splints p337 | Inflammation of the periosteum, the extensor muscles of leg & surrounding area |
| Reason for shin splints: | overuse & overpronation |
| How are sin splints DX | physical exam & HX of pain that worsens w/exercise-disappears after rest. |
| Importance to OT (shin splints) | Apply ice/heat; NSAIDs, stretching exercises, corrective shoes, proper conditioning |
| Plantar Fasciitis (Calcaneal Spur)(heel spur) p338 | Inflammatory response at the bottom of the calcaneus (heel bone) |
| What causes Plantar Fasciitis (etiology) | constant tension on inflexible fascia: Flat feet, toe-hill/sand running, sudden ++activity/weight, age, familial, SHOES |
| T/F: Heel spurs are what cause Plantar FAsciitis | FALSE...They are a RESULT of the inflammatory response (problem) |
| Importance to OT Plantar Fasciitis: | Rest, apply ice, NSAIDs, heel pads, Shoes w/good support/orthotics, |
| Torn Meniscus p341 | A crack, tear, or fissure usually due to wear or injury in the semilunar cartilage in the knee (either medial or lateral) |
| What causes Torn Meniscus | Usually sports related-sudden twisting or external rotation of leg while knee is flexed. |
| Importance to OT--torn meniscus | Very specific course of rehab based upon the DR's Protocol!! Adaptations to other ADLs |
| Rotator Cuff Tear p342 | Tear in any of the 4 tendons of the rotator cuff in the shoulder-infraspinatus & supraspinatus, subscapularis, & teres minor |
| What acute symptoms will a person have with a rotator cuff tear? | an immediate snapping sound & acute pain. ROM limited depending on tear |
| Acute symptoms person will have with a torn meniscus? | acute pain when putting weight on leg. May have knee "lock up" or give way. full flexion difficult, pain increases w/ full extension |
| Importance to OT--Rotator Cuff Tears | rubber band exercises, stretching, customized exercise program (DX w/arthrogram/MRI) |
Created by:
RadGirl13
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