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Patient Care
Radiation Therapy - Patient Care
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Define cognitive content. | Actual facts and words of the message. (Washington & Leaver p. 227) |
| Define affective content. | Expressed feelings and emotions. (Washington & Leaver p. 227) |
| Define therapeutic relationship. | Genuine collaborative effort between patient and health care provider. (Washington & Leaver p. 227) |
| Name some of the most helpful verbal responses for radiation therapist according to Washington and Leaver. | Minimal verbal response, reflecting, paraphrasing, probing, clarifying, interpreting, checking out, informing, confronting, and summarizing. (Washington & Leaver pp. 228-229) |
| At what dose does epilation/alopecia begin to occur? | 2000 cGy. (Washington & Leaver p. 231) |
| At what dose do skin reactions begin? | 1600 cGy. (Washington & Leaver p. 231) |
| True or False. Use moisturizing lotions on moist desquamation. | False. Use silver sulfadiazine creams on moist desquamation. (Washington & Leaver p. 231) |
| At what dose may nausea and vomiting occur? | 1000-2000 cGy. (Washington & Leaver p. 231) |
| Define anorexia. | Anorexia is the loss of appetite resulting in weight loss. (Washington & Leaver p. 233) |
| Define cachexia. | Cachexia is the state of general ill health and malnutrition. (Washington & Leaver p. 233) |
| What is marasmus? | Marasmus is calorie malnutrition, it is characterized by a weight loss of 7-10% and fat and muscle depletion. (Washington & Leaver p. 233) |
| What is the purpose of the Karnofsky Performance Scale? | The Karnofsky Performance Scale is used to evaluate functional impairment. (Washington & Leaver p. 233) |
| What is myelosuppression? | Myelosuppression is a reduction in bone marrow function. (Washington & Leaver p. 235) |
| What term is used to describe a decrease in peripheral red blood cell count? | Anemia. (Washington & Leaver p. 235) |
| What is the normal blood value for platelets? | 200,000-500,00. (Washington & Leaver p. 237) |
| What is the normal blood value for leukocytes? | 5,000-10,000. (Washington & Leaver p. 237) |
| A patient brings in a copy of their recent blood work and their platelet value reads 60,000. What terminology best describes them? | Thrombopenic, because their platelet count is below average levels. (Washington & Leaver p. 235 & 237) |
| What are the two main affective responses that occur most among cancer patients? | Anxiety and depression. (Washington & Leaver p. 238) |
| What category of drug prevents nausea and vomiting? | Antiemetic. (Washington & Leaver p. 251) |
| What category of drug control gastrointestinal distress? | Antidiarrheal. (Washington & Leaver p. 251) |
| Name two examples of antidiarrheals. | Lomotil and Imodium. (Washington & Leaver p. 251) |
| Name two examples of antiemetics. | Compazine, Zofran, Phenergan, and Kytril. (Washington & Leaver p. 251) |
| Motrin, Feldene, and Naprosyn are examples of what drug category? | Anti-inflammatory. (Washington & Leaver p. 251) |
| What types of emergencies are radiation therapists likely to encounter in the clinical setting? (not looking for reasons for therapy) | Asthma attack, pulmonary edema, anaphylactic shock, and cardiac arrest. (Washington & Leaver p. 250) |
| What are the six rights of medication administration? | Right patient, right medication, right dose, meds at right time, meds via right route, and ensure right documentation. (Washington & Leaver p. 250) |
| What are the two most common negative contrast agents? | Air and carbon dioxide. (Washington & Leaver p. 252) |
| Syncope is considered what type of adverse reaction seen in contrast media administration? | Severe. (Washington & Leaver p. 253) |
| What is urticaria? | Hives. (Washington & Leaver p. 253) |
| True or False. Drugs taken by mouth absorb slowly into the bloodstream and are longer lasting than drugs given by injection. | True. (Washington & Leaver p. 253) |
| What does qid mean in prescribing medications? | Four times a day. (Washington & Leaver p. 259) |
| What are some early signs of Mucositis? | Dryness of mucous membranes, red inflamed areas, presence of white or yellow membrane, and mild burning sensation. (Mosby's Study Guide p. 119) |
| At what dose might Xerostoma become permanent? | Permanent damage to salivary glands may be seen above doses of 4000 cGy. (Mosby's Study Guide p. 120) |
| What two chemotherapy drugs put patients at higher risk for experiencing mouth sores? | 5-FU and methotrexate. (Mosby's Study Guide p. 120) |
| What are some interventions for radiation-related skin reactions? | Avoid - tight clothing, harsh fabrics, exposure to cold temperature, swimming in salt or chlorinated pools, powders, creams, deodorant, medicated patches, Band-aids, shaving, and sun exposure.(Mosby's Study Guide p. 122) |
| What foods are safe on a low-residue diet? | Cottage cheese, eggs, low fat milk, yogurt, rice, pudding, broth, jello, apple juice, fish, poultry, boiled roast, bananas, apple sauce, potatoes (mashed, baked, and boiled), smooth peanut butter, mild cooked vegetables. (Mosby's Study Guide p. 123) |
| What are some examples to high fiber foods? | Fresh raw fruit with skin and seeds, prunes, dates, raisins, fresh raw vegetables, nuts, coconut, corn, popcorn, whole grains, bran. (Mosby's Study Guide p. 124) |
| What are some steps patients can take to help ease Xerostomia? | Sip fluid frequently, suck ice cubes, suck hard candy, chew gum, and use magic mouthwash. (Mosby's Study Guide p. 124) |
| What is the Glasgow Coma scale used to assess? | Patient neurologic and cognitive function. (Mosby's Study Guide p. 125) |
| What are some names of nutritional supplements a patient can use? | Ensure, Sustacal Plus, Carnation Instant Breakfast bars, Vitamins, or a feeding tube. (Mosby's Study Guide p. 126) |
| What is anaphylactic shock? | A life-threatening condition due to a severe allergic reaction causing bronchial airway to constrict. (Mosby's Study Guide p. 127) |
| What are the ABCs of CPR? | Check Airway, Breathing, and Circulation. (Mosby's Study Guide p. 127) |
| An adult male patient has a pulse of 130, is this in normal range? | No, an adult (male or female) has an average pulse range of 60-100. This patient would be considered to have tachycardia. (Mosby's Study Guide p. 126) |
| What is asepsis? | Absence of disease producing microorganisms called pathogens. (Mosby's Study Guide p. 128) |
| If a patient is considered to be in contact isolation what barriers should be in place? | Mask, gloves, gowns, hand washing after touching patient, and contaminated articles from the room should be labeled and bagged. (Mosby's Study Guide p. 129) |
| You read in a patient's chart that they have TB (tuberculosis) what precautions should you take? | This patient should be on respiratory isolation. The patient should be in a negative pressure and isolated air-flow room. A mask should be worn and hands should be washed after contact with patient. (Mosby's Study Guide p. 129) |
| What is the medical term for when blood supply to part of the brain is disrupted causing the brain cells to die? | A Cerebral vascular accident (stroke). (Mosby's Study Guide p. 128) |
| True or False. You can carry an oxygen tank by it's regulator or valve as long as you are careful. | False. (Mosby's Study Guide p. 127) |
| What is the normal value for respiration in adult males and females? | 12-20 breaths per minute. (Mosby's Study Guide p. 126) |
| Your patient complains of easy bruising, nosebleeds, and fatigue. What is most likely the reason for this? | Myelosuppression. (Mosby's Study Guide p. 120) |
| Your patient starts complaining of difficultly breathing and starts to appear cyanotic. What is the most likely cause of this? | Respiratory distress. (Mosby's Study Guide p. 127) |
| A patient complains of diarrhea, what type of diet might be recommended? | A low residue diet. (Mosby's Study Guide p. 131) |
| What is the most common artery used to check an adult patient's pulse? | The radial artery. (Mosby's Study Guide p. 131) |
| What is the first thing you should do if a patient appears to be fainting? | Assist the patient to a safe position and call for help. (Mosby's Study Guide p. 131) |
| What is dyspnea? | Breathing difficulties. (Mosby's Study Guide p. 132) |
| What type of cancers are most common to have high risk of radiation therapy induced nausea and vomiting? | Treatments to the upper abdomen and total body where the stomach and small intestine are exposed to radiation. (Mosby's Study Guide p. 136) |
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