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Motivation and Emoti
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Internal processes that initiate, sustain, direct, and terminate activites. | Motivation |
| An internal deficiency that may energize behavior. | Need |
| The psychological expression of internal needs or valued goals. For example, hunger, thirst, or a drive for success. | Drive |
| Any action, glandular activity, or other identifiable behavior. | Response |
| The target or objective of motivated behavior. | Goal |
| The value of a goal above and beyond its ability to fill a need. | Incentive value |
| Innate motives based on biological needs. | Biological motives |
| Innate needs for stimulation and information | Stimulus motives |
| Motives based on learned needs, drives, and goals. | Learned Motives |
| A steady state of bodily equilbrium. | Homeostasis |
| Cyclical changed in bodily functions and arousal levels that vary on a schedule approximating a 24-hour day. | Circadian rhythms |
| A small area at the b ase of the brain that regulates many aspects of motivvation and emotion, especially hunger, thirst, and sexual behavior. | Hypothalamus |
| The proportion of body fat that tends to maintained by changes in hunger and eating. | Set point(for fat) |
| Weight reduction bbased on charging exercise and eating habits, rather than temporary self-starvation. | Behavioral dieting |
| Active self-starvation or a sustained loss of appetite that has psychological origins. | Anorexia nervosa |
| Excessive eating(gorging) usually followed by self-induced vomitting and/or talking laxatives. | Bulimia nervosa |
| Thirst caused by a reduction in the volume of fluids found between body cells. | Extracelluar thirst |
| Thirst triggered when fluid is drawn out of cells due to an increased concentration of salts and minerals outside the cell. | Intracellular thirst |
| A drive that occurs in distinct episodes. | Episodic drive |
| The strength of one's motivation to engae in sexual behavior. | Sex drive |
| Changes in the sexual drives of animals that create a desire for mating; particulary used to refer to females in heat. | Estrus |
| Any of a number of female sex hormones. | Estrogen |
| Any of a number of male sex hormones, especially testosterone. | Androgen |
| Areas of the body that produce pleasure and/or provoke erotic desire. | Erogenous zones |
| The first phase of sexual response, indicated by initial signs of sexual arousal. | Excitement phase |
| The second phaseof sexual response during which physical arousal is further heightnened. | Plateau phase |
| A climax and release of sexual excitement | Orgasm |
| The fourth phase of sexual response, involving a return to lower levels of sexual tension and arousal. | Resolution |
| An unspoken mental plan that defines a "plot", dialouge, and actions expected to take place in a sexual encounter. | Sexual script |
| One's degree of emotional and erotic attraction to memebers of the same sex, oppostie sex, or both sexes. | Sexual orientation. |
| Assumes that people prefer to amintain ideal, or comfortable, levels of arousal. | Arousal Theory |
| A summary of the relationships among arousal, taks complexity, and performance. | Yenkes-Dodson law |
| High levels of arousal and worry that seriously impair test performance. | Test anxiety |
| Learned motives acquired as part of growing up in a particular society or culture. | Social motives |
| The desire to exccel or meet some internalized standard of excellence. | Need for achievement(nAch) |
| The desire to have social impact and control over others. | Need for power |
| Abraham Maslow's ordering of needs, based on their presumed strength or potency. | Hierarch of human needs |
| The first four levels of needs in Naslow's hierarchy; lower needs tend to be more potent than higher needs. | Basic Needs |
| In Maslow's hieararchy, the higher level needs associated with self-acualization. | Growth needs |
| In Maslow's hierarchy, needs associated with impulses for self-acualization. | Meta-needs |
| Motivation that comes from within, rather than from external rewards;motivation based on personal enjoyment of a task or activity. | Inrinsic motivation |
| Motivation based on obvious external rewards, obligations, or similar factors. | Extrinsic motivation |
| A state characterrized by physiological arousal, changes i nfacial expression, gestures, posture, and subjective feelings. | Emotion |
| Actions that aid attempts to survive and adapt to changing conditions. | Adaptive behaviors. |
| Alterations in heart rate, blood pressure, perspiration, and other involuntary responses. | Physiological changes (in emotion) |
| Outward signs that an emotion is occurring. | Emotional expression |
| The private, subjective experience of having an emotion. | Emotional feeling |
| Accourding to Robert Plutchik's theory, the most basic emotions are fear, suprise, sadness, disgust, anger, anticipation, joy and acceptance. | Primary emotions |
| A low-intensity, long-lasting emotional state. | Mood |
| A part of the limbic system (within the brain) that produces fear responses. | Amygdala |
| The system of nerves that connects the brain with the internal organs and glands. | Autonomic nervous systsem |
| The part of the ANS that activates the body at times of stress. | Sympathetic branch |
| The part of the autonomic system that quiets the body and conserves energy | Parasympathetic branch |
| Excess activity in the parasympathetic nervous system followin a period of intense emotion | Parasympatheic branch |
| A device for ecording heart rate, blood pressure, respriation, and galvanic skin response; commonly called a "lie detector" | Polygraph |
| Study of the meaning of body movements, posture, hand gestures, and facial expressions; commonly called body langauage. | Kinesics |
| States that emotional feelings follow bodily arousal and come from awareness of such arousal. | James-Lange theory |
| States that activity in the thalamus causes emotional feelings and bodily arousal to occur simultaneously. | Cannon-Bard theory |
| States that emotions occur when physical arousal is labeled or interpreted on the baasis of experience and situational cues. | Schachter's cognitive theory |
| The mental process of assigning causes to events, in emotion, the process of attributing arousal to a particular source. | Attribution |
| Evaluating the personal meaning of a stimulus or situation. | Emotional appraisal |
| States that sensations from facial expressions help define what emotion a person feels. | Facial feedback hypothesis |
| Emotional competence, including empathy, self-control, self-awareness, and other skills. | Emotional intelligence |
Created by:
jazzdurant