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Sociology Ch. 9
Global Stratification
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The unequal distribution of wealth, power, and prestige on a global basis, resulting in people having vastly different lifestyles and life chances both within and among the nations of the world | Global Stratification |
| Nations characterized by highly industrialized economies; technologically advanced industrial, administrative, and service occupations; and relatively high levels of national and per capita income | High-Income Countries |
| Nations with industrializing economies, particularly in urban areas, and moderate levels of national and personal income | Middle-Income Countries |
| Primarily agrarian nations with little industrialization and low levels of national and personal income | Low-Income Countries |
| A perspective that links global inequality to different levels of economic development and suggests that low-income economies can move to middle- and high-income economies by achieving self-sustained economic growth | Modernization Theory |
| A core value widely believed to be of great significance in the modernization process | Work Ethic |
| The belief that global poverty can at least partially be attributed to the fact that the high-income countries have exploited the low-income countries | Dependency Theory |
| The capitalist world economy is global system divided into a hierarchy of 3 major types of nations-core, semiperipheral, peripheral-in which upward or downward mobility is conditioned by the resources and obstacles that characterize the international sys. | World Systems Theory |
| According to world systems theory, dominant capitalist centers characterized by high levels of industrialization and urbanization | Core Nations |
| According to world systems theory, nations that are more developed than peripheral nations but less developed than core nations | Semiperipheral Nations |
| According to world systems theory, nations that are dependent on core nations for capital, have little or no industrialization (other than what may be brought in by core nations), and have uneven patterns of urbanization | Peripheral Nations |
| The term used to describe industries in which transnational corporations play a central part in controlling the production process | Producer-Driven Commodity Chains |
| The term used to refer to industries in which large retailers, brand-name merchandisers, and trading companies set up decentralized production networks in various middle- and low-income countries | Buyer-Driven Commodity Chains |
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