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Government Final
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| 1. As dictacted by the constitution, every ten years, seats in the House of Representatives are reapportioned based on | The outcome of the census conducted by the U.S. Census Bureau |
| Each state is guaranteed at least ___ seat(s) in the House of Representatives, and ___ in the Senate no matter what its population | One, two |
| A congressional district | Is the geographic area that is served by one member in the House of Representatives |
| In 1929, a federal law mixed membership in the House of Representatives at __ members | 435 |
| The “one person, one vote” rule that emerged from the Supreme Court’s decision in Wesberry v. Sanders (1964) means that | When it comes to drawing the lines of congressional districts, one person’s vote has to count as much as another’s vote |
| ____ is a drawing of a legislative district’s boundaries in such a way as to maximize the influence of a certain group or political party | Gerrymandering |
| ____ of representation requires representatives to mirror the views of their constituents | Instructed-delegate view |
| Which of the following is not a qualification to become a member of the House of Representatives? | A person must be a natural born citizen of the united states |
| Because of advantages such as franking privileges, access to the media, and name recognition, ___ are more likely than ___to win congressional elections. | Incumbent/challengers |
| A “new” congress convences | In January of every odd-numbered year |
| The presiding officer (head) in the House of Representatives is the | Speaker of the House |
| In Congress,___ try to determine how each member is going to vote on certain issues and then advise the party leaders on the strength of party support, in other words “whips every one into shape”. | Whips |
| The Vice President of the United States is the | President of the Senate |
| The permanent and most powerful committees of Congress are called__ committees | Standing |
| A ____ committee includes members from both chambers and is formed for the purpose of achieving agreement between the House and the Senate on the exact wording of legislative acts when the two chambers pass legislative proposals in different forms. | Conference |
| The House of Representatives | Originates bills for raising revenues |
| ___ is the Senate tradition of unlimited debate, undertaken for the purpose of preventing action on a bill | Filibustering |
| ___ is a method of ending debate in the Senate and bringing the matter under consideration to a vote by the entire chamber | Cloture |
| Who can formally introduce (sponsor) legislation in Congress | Members of congress |
| If the president decides to veto a bill | Congress can override the veto with a two-thirds majority vote in both chambers |
| ____ is a part of the congressional budgeting process that involves the creation of the legal basis for government programs | Authorization |
| Which of the following is a constitutional requirement for becoming president of the United Sates? | Must be a natural born citizen of the United States |
| In his role as chief executive, the president | Is technically the head of the federal government and can handle national emergencies, such as riots or natural disasters |
| Which of the following statements is not accurate? | When the framers of the constitution created the office of the president, they were following the model of a democratically elected chief executive that was characteristic of many countries in the world at a time |
| If the president decides not to act on a piece of legislation until Congress adjourns within 10 days, this is considered to be | A line-item veto bill |
| In addition to the powers explicitly granted by the constitution, the president also has inherent powers-powers that | Are necessary to carry out the specific responsibilities of the president as set forth in the constitution |
| According to Richard Neustadt, in his book Presidential Power | "Presidential power is the power to persuade” |
| The presidential strategy known as “going public” refers to | Using press conferences, public appearances, and televised events to arouse public opinion in favor of certain legislative programs |
| ___ claimed the presidential power to regulate the economy. Since that time, Americans have expected the president to be actively involved in economic matters and social programs. | During the Great Depression in the 1930’s, Franklin Roosevelt |
| A (n) ___ is a binding international pact that is made between the president and another head of state and that does not require Senate approval. | Executive agreement |
| The U.S. Constitution gives ___the power to declare war. This branch declared war only___ times despite the over two hundred conflicts the U.S. engaged in | Congress/5 |
| The War Powers Resolution of 1973 requires the president to | Notify Congress within forty-eight hours of deploying troops |
| ___ is a power that has been claimed by presidents to withhold information from, or to refuse to appear before, Congress or the courts | Executive privilege |
| Traditionally, the ___ has consisted of the heads of the executive departments and other officers whom the president may choose to appoint | Cabinet |
| The White House Office includes | The president’s chief of staff, press secretary, counsel to the president, and the staff of the president’s spouse |
| The ___ addressed the question of what should be done if the president becomes incapable of performing the duties of the office | Twenty-fifth amendment to the constitution, ratified in 1967 |
| ___ law is the body of law developed from judicial decisions in English legal tradition | Common |
| A (n) ____ is a court decision that furnishes an example or authority for deciding subsequent cases involving identical or similar facts and legal issues | Precedent |
| Under the doctrine of___, judges normally are obligated to follow the precedents established by prior court decisions | Stare decisis |
| _____law is the body of law created by government agencies in the form of rules, regulations, orders, and decisions | Administrative |
| _____law has to do with wrongs committed against the public as a whole | Criminal |
| ____is the authority of a court to hear and decide a particular case | Jurisdiction |
| The federal trial courts are called | District Courts |
| The US court of appeals | hear appeals from the US district courts located within their respective judicial circuits |
| A ____ is an order that the US Supreme Court issues to a lower court requesting the latter to send it to the record of the case in question | Writ of certiorari |
| A(n) _____opinion is a statement written by a justice who agrees with the Court's decision, but for reasons from those in the majority opinion | Concurring |
| Generally, strict constructionalists | Believe that the letter if the law should guide the Court's decisions |
| The power of the courts to review and decide on the constitutionality of legislative enactments and of actions taken by the executive branch is called | Judicial review |
| If both the president and vice president dies, resigns, or are disabled, the ____ will act as president | Speaker of the house |
| The Supreme Court claimed the power of judicial review in | Marbury vs. Madison (1803) |
| Public policy concerning issues within a national unit best describes ______ policy | Domestic |
| The first stage of the policymaking consists of | Issue identification and agenda settings |
| When congress holds hearings to obtain feedback from different groups on how a statue or regulation has affected those groups, it is engaging in | Policy evaluation |
| About ____ percent of national spending in the United States goes to health care | 16 |
| _____ is a joint federal-state program that funds health-care coverage for the poor | Medicaid |
| Medicare is the federal government's health care program for | Persons aged sixty-five years or over |
| The federal government provides about 60 percent of the Medicaid budget, and_____ provides the rest | the states |
| One of the most controversial aspects of the health-care reform debate was ____, a Democratic proposal to create a government-sponsored health care insurance plan | the public option |
| During the recent debate over health-care reform, the Blue Dog Coalition | opposed the public option as it relates to health-care insurance |
| Our nation imports____of it petroleum supply | About three-fifths |
| The _______ (CAFE) standards imposed fuel-mileage benchmarks on cars and trucks sold in the United States | Corporate average fuel economy |
| Half of the united states' oil imports come from stable and friendly countries | Canada and Mexico |
| Sources of renewable energy | include wind and solar power |
| Cap-and-trade legislation has been proposed as response to | Global Warming |
| ____policy consists of all actions taken by the national government to smooth out the ups and downs in the nation's overall business activity | Economic |
| ____involves changing the amount of money in circulation so as to affect interest rates, credit markets, the rate of inflation, the rate of economic growth, and the rate of unemployment | Monetary |
| Monetary policy is under the control of | the federal reserve system |
| _____policy is the use of changes in government expenditures and taxes to alter national economic variable | Fiscal |
| The ____ is a body within the Federal Reserve System that decides how monetary policy should be carried out by the Federal Reserve. | Federal Open Market Committee(FOMC) |
| In theory, in periods of recession and high unemployment, the government should pursue a(n) | Easy money policy |
| Keynesian economics suggests that recessions, the government should | Undertake actions to stimulate the economy |
| According to the nonpartisan Congressional Budget Office, about ___ percent of this nation's households pay no taxes at all. | 40 |
| Social Security | is an intergenerational income transfer that is only vaguely related to past earnings |
| ______ is a systematic and general plan that guides a country's attitudes and actions towards the rest of the world | Foreign Policy |
| In principle, the ___ is the government department most directly involved in foreign policy | Department of State |
| The ____ was created after WWII to coordinate American intelligence activities abroad | Central Intelligence Agency |
| The___ is the principle executive department that establishes and carried out defense policy and protects our national security | Department of Defense |
| The Joint Chiefs of Staff include that | chief of staff of the army, the chief of staff of the air force, the chief of naval operations, and the commandant of the Marine Corps |
| Who is not a formal member of the National Security Council? | The Attorney General |
| The proclamation of the Monroe Doctrine in 1823 was most clearly a statement of | Isolationism |
| The power to declare war belongs to | congress |
| The War Powers Resolution | limits the president's use of troops in military action without congressional approval |
| The nations founders and the early presidents believes that a policy of ____ was the best way to protect american interests | Isolationism |
| In his farewell address in 1797, ____urged Americans to "steer clear of permanent alliances with any portion of the foreign world" | George Washington |
| The United States did not enter WWI until 1917, after | US ships in international waters were attacked by German submarines that were blockaing Britain |
| _____ is direct involvement by one country in another country's affair | Interventionism |
| The US fought the Spanish-American War of 1898 to free Cuba from Spanish rule. Spain lost and subsequently ceded control of several of its possessions, including Guam, Puerto Rico, and the Philippens to | The United States |
| The policy of isolationism, adopted by the US after WWI, ended with | the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor in 1941 |
| The phrase "iron curtain" | was coined by Winston Churchill to describe the political boundaries between the democratic countries in Western Europe and the Soviet-controlled Communist countries in Eastern Europe |
| The group of Eastern European nations that fell under the control of the soviet union following WWII became known as the | Communist bloc. |
| _____ was a policy providing for US economic assistance to European nations following WWII to help those nations recover from the war | The Marshall Plan |
| To make the policy of containment effective, the US initiated a program of ___ involving the formation of mutual defense alliances such as NATO with other nations. | Collective Security |
| By 1949, almost all illusions of friendship between the Soviet Union and the Western allies had disappeared. The tensions between the Soviet Union and the US became known as the____ | Cold War |
| The wars in Korea (1950-1953) and Vietnam(1964-1975) grew out of the efforts to contain | Communism |
| _____is a policy of building up military strength for the purpse of discouraging military attacks by other nations | Deterrence |
| In 1962, the US and the Soviet union came close to a nuclear confrontation in what became known as | the cuban missile crisis |
| The theory of _____, which held that id the forces of two nations were equally capable of destroying each other, neither nation would take a chance on war, came out of the policy of deterrence. | Mutually assured destruction |
| Al Qaeda is best described as a | nonstate terrorist network |
| In 2002, President Bush stated, in what became known as the "Bush Doctrine," that | The United States was prepared to strike "preemptively" at Iraq. |
| With one of the fastest-growing economies in the world, along with a population of 1.3 billion, _____ gross domestic product (GDP) could surpass that of the United States by 2039 | China |
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mltolbert1993@yahoo.
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