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Egypt Vocab
Flash Cards for Chapter 4
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Old Kingdom | a period of Egyptian history that lasted for about 500 years, from about 2700 B.C to 2200 B.C. This was the “age of pyramids.” |
| Middle Kingdom | the period in Egyptian history that came after a 150-year period when Egypt had no pharaoh; this kingdom was known as the Period of Reunification and lasted from 2050 B.C. to 1750 B.C. |
| New Kingdom | the “Golden Age” of Egypt; this kingdom lasted from 1550 B.C. to 1050 B.C. and was the time when Egypt reached the height of its power and glory |
| trade routes | paths followed by traders; during the New Kingdom, many profitable trade routes were developed by the Egyptians |
| hieroglyphics | the Egyptian writing system; it was a system that used picture symbols to represent sounds |
| papyrus | a long-lasting , paper-like material made from the reeds of a papyrus plant; scribes wrote on papyrus using brushes and ink |
| Rosetta Stone | this was a huge stone slab that was inscribed with hieroglyphics and two other written languages; this stone was the key to unlocking the code of hieroglyphics |
| sphinxes | imaginary creatures with the bodies of lions and the heads of other animals or humans; they often lined the path that lead to Egyptian temples |
| obelisk | a tall four-sided stone pillar that is pointed on the top; the Washington Monument is an obelisk |
| cataracts | rapids (areas of rough water) on the Nile River |
| elite | people of wealth and power; these people, along with pharaohs, could afford to have mummies made |
| delta | triangle-shaped area of land made from soil deposited by a river; almost two-thirds of Egypt’s fertile farmland was in the Nile Delta |
| dynasty | a series of rulers from the same family; King Menes began Egypt’s first dynasty |
| afterlife | life after death; much of Egyptian religion focused on the afterlife, a place also called the Field of Reeds where all were young, healthy and happy |
| mummies | specially-treated bodies wrapped in a cloth; Egyptians believed that the ka would recognize its body if it was preserved |
| pharaoh | the title used by the rulers of Egypt |
| pyramids | huge stone tombs with four triangle-shaped sides that meet in a point on the top |
| nobles | people from rich and powerful families in ancient Egypt; priests and key government officials were nobles |
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