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Electricity Part

QuestionAnswer
Static Electricity is created when objects made from different materials rub together and rub together and electrons are transferred. There is a build up of electrons on the surface of the materials/objects, an imbalance of electric charge on the surface of an object.
Law of Electricity Changes 1. Objects that have the same charge repel each other (+,+ or -,-). 2. Objects that have the opposite charge attract each other. 3. Objects with no charge are attracted to charged objects.
Friction When two objects are rubbed together causing electrons to move from one object to the other
Electric Charge a form of change, either positive or negative that exerts an electric force
Charging by Friction the transfer of electrons between two neutral objects (made from different materials) that occurs when they are rubbed together or come in contact (touch).
Induction (Temporary/ Permanent) When an already charged object is held near a neutral object causing a temporary charge to the neutral object, applying a ground (such as your hand) will make it permanent. Movement of electrons due to nearby charged object.
Contact (Conduction) When an already charge object touches a neutral object and cause the neutral object to become charged. Produces the same charge.
Grounding connecting an object to a large body, like Earth, that is capable of effectively removing an electric charge that the object may have.
Electrical Resistance the ability of a material to oppose the flow of electric current; measured in ohms
Ohmmeter a device used to measure resistance
Resistor a device that reduces the flow of electrical current
Potential Difference the difference in the electric potential energy per unit charge measured at two different points; measured in volts (V).
Voltmeter a device used to measure potential difference
Ammeter a device used to measure electric current, must be connected in series with a load when measuring current
Series Circuit a circuit in which the loads are connected end to end so that these is only one path for the electrons to flow.
Parallel Circuit a circuit in which the loads are connected by brackets so that there are two or more paths for electrons to flow.
Electrical Current (I) a measure of the rate of electron flow past a given point in a circuit; measured in amperes (A).
Electrical Power the rate at which electrical energy is produced or used.
Efficiency comparison of the energy output of a device with the energy supplied.
Direct Current (DC) a flow of electrons in one direction though an electrical circuit. Produced by electric cells.
Alternating Current (AC) a flow of electrons that alternates in direction in an electric circuit. Produced in generators (energy sources).
Renewable resource natural energy resource that is unlimited (for example, energy from the Sun or wind) or can be replenished by natural processes in a relatively short period of time (for example, biomass).
Non-renewable Resource a resource that cannot be replaces as quickly as it is consumed.
Electric Cells a device that converts chemical energy into electrical energy, the term “battery” in science refers to 2 or more cells in combination, cells we use are 1.5 V, therefore, a 9V battery would have six 1.5 V cells
Primary Cells an electric cell that can only be used once (eg. zinc, chloride, alkaline, or lithium cells. NOTE: type of electrodes used and chemicals in the electrolyte affect strength of electron flow and how long flow will last.
Secondary Cells use a “recharger” that uses alternating current (AC) to “push back” the electrons to the negative terminal so it is now “recharged”
Fuel Cells Electrical energy is released when hydrogen and oxygen is converted into water (H20), no emissions, Hydrogen occurs as compound needs to extracted, causes pollution (CO2)
Current is a measure of the rate of electron flow past a given point in a circuit
Created by: tart612
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