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Bacteria
Food illness
Question | Answer |
---|---|
FAT TOM stands for ... | Food, Acidity, Temperature, Time, Oxygen and moisture |
What do foodborne microorganisms require to grow? | nutrients to grow, specifically carbohydrates and proteins |
Foodborne microorganisms grow best in food that has.... | neutral or slightly acidic pH (7.5 to 4.6) |
Range does Acidic ph fall to grow bacteria? | 7.5-4.6 |
Foodborne microorganisms grow well at temperatures between... | 41˚F and 135˚F (5˚C and 57˚C) |
How much Time does Foodborne microorganisms need to grow? | 4 hours or more in TDZ |
The amount of moisture available in food for this growth is called... | water activity (Aw) |
Potentially hazardous food typically has an Aw of... | .85 or higher |
What are the two conditions can you control in FAT TOM? | Temperature and Time |
Certain bacteria can change into a different form, called... | Spores, to protect themselves |
Spores can form and found in what? | when nutrients are not available and commonly found in soil and contaminate food grown there. |
Campylobacter jejuni Aka Campy is associated with what food and what causes it? | Poultry and Water contaminated with the bacteria |
Campylobacter jejuni common symptoms are? | Diarrhea (maybe bloody), Abdominal cramps ,Fever,Vomiting,Headache |
How do you prevent Campylobacter jejuni? | proper cooking at 165 deg and prevent cross-contamination |
Salmonella spp. is associated with what food? | Poultry, eggs, Dairy, melons and beef |
Salmonella spp. common symptoms are... | Diarrhea, Abdominal cramps, Vomiting, Fever |
How do you prevent Salmonella spp.? | Salmonella Typhi. and prevent cross-contamination |
Salmonella Typhi. is associated with what food? | Ready to eat food, Beverages |
Salmonella Typhi. common symptoms are... | High Fever, Weakness, Abdominal pain, Headache, Rash |
How do you prevent Salmonella Typhi.? | Salmonella Typhi. and wash hands |
Shigella spp. is associated with what food? | potato/pasta salads |
Shigella spp. common symptoms are... | Bloody diarrhea, Abdominal pain and cramps, Fever (occasionally) |
How do you prevent Shigella spp.? | Wash hands and control flies |
Listeria monocytogenes aka Listeria is associated with what food? | Deli meats, hot dogs, raw meats, Unpasteurized milk |
Listeria common symptoms are... | Pregnant women( Miscarriage), Newborns (Sepsis,Pneumonia,Meningitis) |
How do you prevent Listeria? | Discard after expiration dates, cook raw meats to proper temperatures and Prevent cross-contamination |
Vibrio parahaemolyticus aka V.P is associated with what food? | Raw or partially cooked oysters |
V.P common symptoms are... | Diarrhea, abdominal cramps, vomiting and Fever |
How do you prevent V.P? | Buy from reputable purveyor and cook at required internal temperature |
What causes V.P? | harvested in warm waters April to October |
Vibro vulnificus aka V.V is associated with what food? | Oysters, raw |
V.V cause... | two different kinds of illnesses |
V.V common symptoms are... | septicemia, fever, chills, diarrhea, vomiting, skin lesions(sore on body) and ppl w/ liver disease; diabetics deadly |
How do you prevent V.V? | Buy from reputable purveyor inform customers about this problem and cook at required internal temperature |
Bacillus cereus aka Cereal is associated with what food? | cooked rice, grains |
Cereal Caused by... | two different toxins (diarrheal toxin and Emetic Toxin) |
Cereal common symptoms are... | Watery diarrhea, Abdominal cramps and pain and Vomiting is absent |
How do you prevent cereal? | cook properly, cool and hold temps |
Staphylococcus aureus aka STAPH infection is associated with what food? | meat salads and deli meats |
STAPH infection caused by... | improper hand washing; found in hair, nose, throat, sores |
STAPH infection common symptoms are... | Nausea Nausea, Vomiting and retching Abdominal cramps |
How do you prevent STAPH infection? | cover cuts and wash hands often; Restrict foodhandlers with infected cuts on hands and arms |
Clostridium botulinum aka Botulism is associated with what food? | Improperly canned food, Baked potatoes, Untreated garlic-and-oil mixtures |
Botulism cause... | grows w/out oxygen |
Botulism common symptoms are... | Nausea and Vomiting; Double vision Difficulty speaking and swallowing |
How do you prevent Botulism? | inspect canned foods, avoid homemade canned foods |
Clostridium perfringens aka perfringens is associated with what food? | stews and gravies |
perfringens cause... | improper reheating/cooling |
perfringens prevention... | cool and reheat properly |
perfringens symptoms... | diarrhea, severe abdominal pain |
Escherichia coli aka E-Coil is associated with what food? | Ground beef( raw and undercooked) |
E-Coli cause... | improper cooking |
E-Coli prevention... | cook to 155 deg F |
E-Coli symptoms... | diarrhea, cramps, heomlytic uremic(exclude if diagnosed) |