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Civics- Courts

Civics Study Guide on the Court System

QuestionAnswer
What do the courts use the law for? (two answers) Settle civil disputes, decide wether a person is innocent or guilty of crime.
What court is at the top of the Federal Court system? Supreme Court
What is the goal of the legal system? Equal justice under the law
What are two protections given to every person accused of breaking the law becuase of the Constitution? Right to a trial and presumed innocent
Every one is presumed_____________ until proven guilty. innocent
Why is the goal of equal justice difficult to achieve? personal prejudices and how much money you have
Which article of the Constitution established the Supreme Court? Article lll
Who has the power to establish the lower federal courts? Congress
Explain the two types of lower courts that Congress created: 1789- district courts and courts of appeal 1891- appeals courts and districts(circuits)they serve
How many levels does the federal court system have? What are the names of each level? 3, district court, appeals court and Supreme Court(lowest to highest court)
Define jurisdiction? the authority to hear or decide a case
Federal courts try people accused of federal crimes. Give two examples of federal crimes? kidnapping, tax evasion
If California and Colorado have a disagreement over rights to water in the Colorado River, where would the case be resolved? Federal court
In which courts are lawsuits between citzens od different states held? Federal court
Where would a case where a person sued the federal government be held? federal court
What type of court would hear cases concerning between foreign countries and the U.S.? federal court
Admiralty and maritime law cases are tried in federal courts. What are admiralty and maritime laws? Laws that concern crimes or accidents that occur outside territorial waters
Explain the difference between EXCLUSIVE JURISDICITON and CONCURRENT JURISDICTION. Exclusive Juridiction- only federal courts can hear cases Concurrent Jurisdiction- both federal and state courts can hear cases
Which court is on top of the federal court system? Supreme Court
What occurs at district courts? Trials and lawsuits start
How many district courts are there? How many courts does each state have? 94, at least one
What type of jurisdiction do distict courts have, that cuases all cases to start there? original juridiction
Ditrict courts are the only courts that what two things happen? Have witnesses and juries
What is the job of the appeals court? What type of jurisdiciton is this? review decisions that the district courts make, appellate jurisdiction
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