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ALB-CivicsVocab1-3
Civics Vocabulary 1-3
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Due Process of Law | following established legal procedures; correct functioning of the legal system guaranteed by the 5th and 14th Amendments |
Eminent Domain | right of the government to take private property for certain social needs |
Poll Tax | required people to pay in order to vote |
Federalism | sharing of power between a national government and states |
Federalist | early political party that supported ratification of the U.S. Constitution |
Anti-federalist | early political party that opposed ratification of the U.S. Constitution |
U.S. Constitution | the official governing document of the United States |
Checks and Balances | power of the branches of government to restrict each others' powers |
Bill of Rights | the first 10 amendments to the U.S. Constitution |
Amendments | an addition or change to the U.S. Constitution |
Separation of Powers | dividing the powers of government along the executive, legislative, and judicial branches |
Delegates | a party's representatives at a convention who are elected at a caucus |
Civil Rights | rights individuals have because of citizenship |
Writ of Habeas Corpus | document requiring the detention of a person be justified |
Separation of Church and State | keeping religion and politics distinct (separate) |
Voting Rights | a person's power to vote in elections |
Resident Alien | someone from another country who is in the U.S. in a proper manner for work, travel, education, etc. |
Illegal Alien | someone from another country who is in the U.S. in an improper manner |
Ex Post Facto Laws | forbidden practice under American law making a new law apply to an action that was not a crime when the act was committed |
Bill of Attainder | legislation declaring a person guilty of a crime without a trial |
Strict Interpretation of the Constitution | Position that the Constitution has only powers expressly listed in it |
Factions | early American term for political parties |
Republicanism | Political philosophy that supports a republic as the proper form of government |
Three-fifths Compromise | stated that every 5 slaves equaled 3 free persons when calculating the number of representatives and property taxes |
Loose Interpretation of the Constitution | approach to Constitutional interpretation that says the Constitution has more powers than are listed |
Civil Liberties | individual rights retained by people |
Necessary and Proper Clause | gives Congress the power to make all laws that carry out purposes of the Constitution, also known as the Elastic Clause |
Virginia Plan | wanted to create a bicameral legislative branch based on population, or proportional representation |
New Jersey Plan | wanted to create a unicameral legislative branch based on equal representation |
Great Compromise | plan reached by Roger Sherman and others at the Constitutional Convention that essentially created a bicameral legislature known as Congress |