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AP Gov_Chapter 3
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Federalism | government powers are shared by the national government and the states |
| Federal System | government powers are divided between a central government and regional or subdivisional government |
| Federal Government | the national or central government |
| Unitary System | used by most nations in the world; constitution vests all powers in the national government |
| Confederal System | the national government exists and operates only at the direction of the subnational governments |
| Division of Powers | between national and state government |
| Expressed Powers | enumerated power, the power to coin money and regulate interstate commerce |
| Inherent Powers | powers government must have simply to ensure the nation’s integrity and survival as a political unit |
| Implied Powers | powers of the national government found in Article I, Section 8, Clause 18 (the “necessary and proper clause”) |
| Police Powers | the ability for each state to control its internal affairs and to enact whatever laws are necessary to protect health, morals, safety and welfare of its people |
| Horizontal Federalism | the relationship among the states |
| Concurrent Powers | may be exercise by state and federal government; applies only within the geographic area of the state |
| Interstate Compacts | among two or more states to regulate the use or protection of resources |
| Supremacy Clause | Article VI, Clause 2, states that the U.S. Constitution and the laws of the federal government “shall be the supreme Law of the Land" |
| Marbury v. Madison | clearly enunciated judicial review; established a superiority of federal authority under the constitution |
| McCullouch v. Maryland | decided in 1819, Maryland imposed a tax on the Baltimore Second Bank of the United States, who’s chief cashier declined to pay the taxes; involved both necessary and proper clause |
| Gibbons v. Ogden | defined how the commerce class should be defined and whether the national government had the exclusive power to regulate commerce involving more than one state |
| Commerce | all business dealings, including steamboat travel |
| Nullify | to void a document |
| Secession | withdrawl |
| Dual Federalism | assumes that the states and national government are more or less equals |
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