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AICP History 2008
AICP History Questions
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Where was this confrenence held and what was it called? What year was it held? | The 1st national planning conference was held in 1909 as the "National Conference on City Planning and Congestion Relief" in Washington, DC. In the same year, the first city planning course was taught in Harvard's Landscape Architecture Department. |
| This author's book is the 1st known formal instruction in city planning below the college level. What year/title/author? | Walter Moody published "Wacker's Manual of the Plan of Chicago, IL" in 1912. Adopted as the 8th grade textbook by the Chicago Board of Education. |
| Who wrote the first major textbook on city planning? What year? | Flavel Shurtleff wrote "Carrying Out the City Plan", the 1st major textbook on city planning. 1914 |
| Who founded the AIP and when? | The American Institute of Planners (AIP-1917) was founded, with Frederick Law Olmsted, Jr. as the first president. The AIP was the forerunner of the American Institute of Certified Planners. |
| The American City Planning Institute and the National Conference on City Planning published the first issue of City Planning, the predecessor to the current Journal of the American Planning Association. When? | 1925 |
| The American Society of Planning Officials (ASPO) was founded. | 1934 |
| AIP adopted a Code of Ethics for professional planners. | 1971 |
| First exam for AIP membership was administered. | 1977 |
| What was created through a merger of AIP and ASPO? What year? | The American Planning Association -- 1978 |
| The Association of Collegiate Schools of Planning published the first issue of .....? What year? | The Journal of Planning Education and Research -- 1981 |
| Burnham Plan of 1909 is AKA.... | The Plan of Chicago: This is the first comprehensive plan in the US. AKA the "Burnham Plan" |
| The project's goals was reclaiming the lakefront for the public and increasing the park areas and public playgrounds. | Plan of Chicago |
| First new town in America? Who co-designed it and when? | Radburn, NJ: first New Town in America; co-designor was Clarence Stein in 1928. |
| The "Ford-Goodrich Plan of 1925" was AKA and located where? | Cincinnati Plan: Ford-Goodrich plan for Cincinnati, was a landmark in the 20's because its scope was far broader than other plans of the period. |
| First auto-oriented suburban shopping center was located where? Who built it and when? | Country Club Plaza in Kansas City, MO. Built by business man JC Nichols. Started out on 55 acres -- 1922 |
| This case upheld zoning; Ambler Realty had argued their case on the basis of the 14th Amendment's due process clause. | Euclid, OH. v. Ambler Realty Co., USSC: 1926 |
| Landmark case; developer owned 68 acres. The city had developed a zoning ordinance that prevented developer from full use of his property. As a result, the developer sued, siting that the zoning ordinance 'devalued' his property. The city prevailed. | Euclid, OH v. Ambler Realty: USSC 1926 |
| Euclid v. Ambler Realty: What did this case argue? | USSC sided with Euclid. The Court argued that the zoning ordinance was not an unreasonable extension of the village's police power and did not have the character of arbitrary fiat, and thus it was not unconstitutional. |
| What was the first comprehensive zoning code in the US and when? | NYC zoning code: 1915 |
| Plan of Riverside, IL.: this plan was designed by who and when? | Railroad suburb designed by FL Olmstead Sr. and Clavert Vaux, 1869 |
| FL Olmstead, SR. designed what in 1869? | Plan of Riverside, IL (located in Cook County) |
| First planned community in the US -- when and where? | 1869, Riverside, IL. |
| San Francisco, CA zoning ordinance prohibited slaughter houses and hog storage in certain areas, thus laying the foundation for zoning controls elsewhere. This zoning ordinance was created in ? | 1867 |
| Plan of Washington DC was founded? | 1791 |
| Plan of Washington DC was designed by...? | Pierre L Enfant |
| Pierre L'Enfant designed.... and was a ..... plan | Washington DC Plan; Radial and gridiron plan |
| Plan of Savannah, GA was designed in ...? | 1733 |
| How was the Plan of Savannah designed? | Original ward system, with a central square, was followed in later development. Rare example of early city growth design in America. |
| Forest Hills Gardens was located in? What year? | Long Island, NY, 1908 |
| US's First garden suburb was located in | Forest Hills Garden, Long Island, NY |
| Where was Radburn located? | Fairlawn, NJ |
| Radburn was designed by.... | Clarence Stein and Henry Wright (City for the motor age). Radburn established the superblock, with center-block paths, as a model for residential site planning. |
| TVA first new town began in...? | 1933. It was seen as a demonstration of the green belt town idea. |
| 1st national park in the US? | Yellowstone NP -- 1872 |
| Central Park, NYC was designed in what year? By who? | 1857: FL Olmstead, Sr. and Calvert Vaux. Central Park became the model for large urban parks throughout the country. |
| Who was the father of zoning? | Ed Bassett |
| Alfred Bettman played a key role in the devlopment of what plan? | Cincinnati Plan of 1925 |
| Alfred Bettman assisted in which landmark USSC Case? | Euclid, OH v. Ambler Realty 1926. |
| Who was a Cincinnati, OH lawyer? | Alfred Bettman |
| Who was the father of city planning? | Daniel H. Burnham |
| Who designed the Plan of Chicago? What year was the plan designed? | Daniel H. Burnham, 1909. The plan gave brith to modern city planning. |
| Who developed the concept of "advocacy planner"? | Paul Davidoff (1930-1984) |
| Paul Davidoff founded...? | The Suburban Action Institute in 1969 |
| Who wrote, "Cities in Evolution"? This person was also the "father of regional planning". | Patrick Geddes (1854-1932) |
| The Garden City movement was started by...? | Ebenezer Howard (1850-1928) |
| Garden Cities of Tomorrow was written in ? by? | 1902; Ebenezer Howard (1850-1928) |
| Published, "Tomorrow, a Peaceful Path to Real Reform" in what year? by who? | 1898, later had a book re-issued in 1902; Ebenezer Howard |
| Who wrote, "The Death and Life of Great American Cities"? | Jane Jacobs -- 1961 |
| This book forced its readers to rethink urban renewal and other contemporary tools of city building. | The Death and Life of Great American Cities by Jane Jacobs -- 1961 |
| TJ Kent wrote? | The Urban General Plan -- 1917 |
| Author of "Image of the City"? | Kevin Lynch |
| Kevin Lynch said....? | "Public opinion has favored development almost irrespective of the cost of the environment." |
| Who wrote, "Design with Nature"? | Ian McHarg |
| Who was the father of Modern Ecology and the Environmental Movement? | Ian McHarg |
| Mumford Lewis wrote...? | The Culture of Cities -- 1938 This book inspired city and regional planning efforts |
| FL Olmstead Sr. was Co-designer of ...? | Central Park in NYC and Riverside, IL |
| FL Olmstead, Jr. was a designer of.... | Forest Hills Gardens and Palos Verdes Estates, CA |
| This person assisted in shaping the role of the "Standard City Enabling Act of 1928" | FL Olmstead Jr. |
| "Housing for the Mechanic Age, Regional Survey of New York and Environs (1929) was written by? | Clarence Arthur Perry |
| Neighborhood Unit Concept was introduced by? | Clarence Arthur Perry |
| This person tried to combine the industrialists need for efficiency with the worker's need for a decent housing | George Pullman |
| George Pullman designed what town? | Pullman, IL |
| This person used photography and writing to reveal the terrible conditions of the urban poor. This was also the basis of the book entitled...? | Jacob August Riis (1849-1914); How the other half lives (1890) and Children of the poor (1892) |
| Jacob Riis was a ....? | A leading housing reformer; wrote books that led to the first federal investigation of slums and to changes in NYC's housing laws that later became national models. |
| Who helped find the "Ohio Planning Conference" the first statewide citizen-based group? What year? | Charlotte Rumbold, 1919 |
| This person won legislative support for planning enabling laws, zoning and subdivision regulations, and public housing. What year and who? | Charlotte Rumbold (1920s-30s) |
| The "Greenwhich House" is located in...? what is it? | NY; is one of the nations first settlement houses |
| Who wrote, "Neighborhood: My Story of Greenwich House"? | Mary K. Simkhovitch (1867-1951) |
| Co-designer of Radburn, NJ | Clarence Stein |
| Who wrote, "Modern Housing"? | Catherine Bauer Wurster. Considered a key housing reformer of the 20th Century. |
| Catherine Bauer Wurster | Attributed to the lack of low cost housing to the liberal intellectuals, trade unions, and planners. Housing reformer in the 20th century. |
| "Broadacre City - A New Community Plan" was written by? yr.? | Frank Lloyd Wright - 1935 |
| "Design with Nature" written by? | Ian McHarg - 1971 |
| Jacob Riis wrote..? | How the other half lives (1890) |
| "Ladder of Citizen Participation" written by? | Sherry Arnstein |
| The original 18th century plan for Washington DC was developed by: | Charles Pierre L'Enfant |
| Between 1860-70 in the US, saw the beginning of suburbanization with the creation of small settlements beyond larger cities. What city exemplified the early American planning movement? | Riverside, IL. This was a railroad suburb designed by FL Olmsted, Sr. and Clavert Vaux. Noted for curvilinear streets and park like surroundings. Symbol of the mid-19th century suburbanization. Example of early "urban sprawl" |
| The ordinance of 1785 did what? | This established a system of rectangular survey coordinates for virtually all of the country west of the Appalachian Mountains. |
| Who created the "White City"? Where was it? | Daniel Burnham; Chicago, IL |
| Daniel Burnham | "Make no small plans, they have no magic to stir men's blood" |
| World's Columbian Expo was held when and where? | Chicago, 1893 |
| Garden Cities were designed to ... | Solve problems of slums by creating small self-sufficient "garden cities" of finite size surrounded by permanent agricultural greenbelts. |
| What amendment was the Village of Euclid, OH v. Ambler Realty case based on? | 14th amendment; 1926 |
| Landmark USSC case that upheld zoning as being constitutional under the US Constitution, as being with in the police power of the state | Euclid, OH v. Ambler Realty 1926. |
| Village of Euclid, OH v. Ambler Realty | Upheld a SFR district in a comprehensive zoning ordinance that excluded nonresdiential and MF uses. If zoning classificatins were reasonable, they they would be upheld. |
| 1937 California Law | Law amended to require all citieis and counties to prepare General Plans. |
| National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) was created in? | 1969 |
| California Enviornmental Quality Act was created in ... ? | 1970 (Reagan) |
| Coastal Zone Managment Act was passed in....? | 1972 |
| ISTEA & T21 passed by George Bush Sr. -- what year and what was it? | Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991. United States federal law that posed a major change to transportation planning and policy, as the first US federal legislation on the subject in the post-Interstate Hwy System era. |
| Who is known for their involvement in advocacy planning? This person actively promoted the use of advocacy planning by planners. | Paul Davidoff |
| Who wrote "Garden Cities of Tomorrow" and was responsible for the development of two garden cities in England? | Ebenezer Howard, 1902 |
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