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Chapter 3: Civil Liberties
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Habeas Corpus | A protection against illegal imprisonment |
Hamden vs. Rumsfeld | Guantanamo allegations. Concluded that detainees were to receive certain protections. Including a trial |
Civil Liberties | Restraints on government, protects people from the abuses of power by government. Bill of rights, due process clause, 14th amendment. Individual freedoms |
Civil Rights | Protect from discrimination. "equal protections clause" 14th amendment |
Establishment clause | Prevents the government from establishing a national religion |
Free exercise clause | Protects people from government restrictions on religious practices. |
Libel | Written untruth |
Slander | verbal untruth |
Exclusionary Rule | If evidence is gathered through and illegally obtained warrant it may be thrown out |
Gideon vs. Weinwright | If a person lacks the financial ability to provide legal representation the government much provide one for them. |
Barron vs. Baltimore | Barron was not protected under the fifth amendment because it was the state government and not the national government that took his property. Therefore he is not protected under the bill of rights. |
Emerson vs. Board of Education | concerning state financing of public schools. "A state can not set up a church" |
Griswold vs Connecticut | Challenged a connecticut law that banned the use of contriceptives |
Roe vs Wade | extended the rights to a women to have an abortion under the due process clause of the 14th amendment |
Planned Parenthood vs casey | clarified the restrictions that states may impose on an abortion. Invaliding the laws that impose too much "undue burden" |
Bowers vs. Hardwick | Challenged georgia's law against sodomy but the court rules that the right to privacy did not extend to homosexuals. States in the south continued to prohibit homosexual sodomy. |
Lawrence vs Texas | invlaidated same sex sodomy but did not legalize same sex marriage |
Bill of Right | Communicates what the government can't do |
1st Amendment | Freedom of religion, speech, press- establishment clause and free exercise clause |