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SSH71 Study guide 3
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is confusing about the fact that all three of these countries are called "republics"? | The governments of all three work in different ways. |
| Which country has been independent of colonial control for the longest time? | South Africa |
| Which term correctly defines "apartheid"? | legal separation of races |
| How is the president of South Africa chosen? | He is elected by the National Assembly. |
| Which European country once controlled two of these countries as a colonial power? | Great Britain |
| Who makes most of the important government decisions in the Republic of Sudan? | president and National Congress Party |
| What is the literacy rate across Africa? | 75 percent |
| What is the literacy rate in the Republic of Sudan? | 61 percent |
| How do the literacy rates for boys and girls compare in both Kenya and Sudan? | Literacy rates for boys are higher. |
| What percentage of Kenyan children attends elementary school? | 85 percent |
| What organization is primarily responsible for improvements in Kenya's educational system? | the Kenyan Ministry of Education |
| Why are literacy rates for girls lower than those for boys in both Kenya and Sudan? | Traditional views say that girls should be married rather than educated. |
| What would be the correct definition of a "dowry"? | money or gifts given by the groom to the bride's family at marriage |
| What is one factor that has caused the Republic of Sudan to pay less attention to education? | civil war |
| Many of the girls who do go to school in the Republic of Sudan are only allowed to study what subjects? | religious subjects |
| Which statement below accurately describes the rate of HIV/AIDS infection in Sub-Saharan Africa? | It is among the highest in the world. |
| Which factor does not playa role in the spread of HIV/AIDS? | programs for prevention and treatment |
| What often happens to the children of those infected with HIV/AIDS? | Many of these children become orphans. |
| Why don't more Africans infected with HIV/AIDS take the antiretroviral drugs (AVTs) that can slow down the progress of the disease? | The drugs are too expensive for most Africans. |
| How does the HIV/ AIDS rate in Zimbabwe compare to the rest of the African countries’ rates? | it is one of the hightest on the continent |
| What has been the response of the Nigerian government to the HIV/AIDS crisis? | The government is working hard to educate the people and make treatment available. |
| What has been the response of the government of Botswana to that country's high rate of HIV/AIDS infection? | They have mounted the most effective response to the diseases |
| How do political conflicts sometimes lead to famine? | Conflicts disrupt farming and little food is produced |
| What sort of political conflict led to famine in the African country of Angola? | civil war |
| How do millions of people in southern Sudan get food today? | Food is provided through international organizations. |
| In a traditional economy, how are economic decisions made? | custom and habit |
| Which would be a problem for a community with a traditional economy? | People in the country begin to want and need products that cannot be made or traded locally. |
| In a command economy, how are economic decisions made? | government planners |
| Which would be a problem in a command economy? | A worker trying to start a new business on his or her own would need permission. |
| In a market economy, how are economic decisions made? | individuals starting new businesses |
| Who takes on the financial risk in starting a new business in a market economy? | individual business people |
| Why are most modern economies referred to as mixed economies? | Most countries have aspects of all three economic types at work in their economies |
| Why do most economies in the world today operate somewhere in between a market economy and a command economy? | most economies have found they need a mix of free market and some government control to be successful and protect consumers. |
| The economies of the two countries on the chart could best be described as | mixed. |
| What is South Africa's main export? | gold and diamonds |
| Which country has the largest per capita GDP? | South Africa |
| Why was Nigeria formerly under a command economic system? | The country was under military rule. |
| What does the chart indicate that might be a concern about the economy of South Africa? | The country has a high unemployment rate. |
| How does voluntary trade help the economy? | It encourages specialization and usually means more profit. |
| Why is specialization so valuable in international trade today? | Specialization allows people to do a more efficient job at producing what they make best and trade for the things they want. |
| In which has South Africa specialized? | gold and diamond mining |
| In which has Nigeria specialized'? | oil production |
| What part of the United States' oil is imported from Nigeria? | 15 percent |
| How has Nigeria's concentration on oil hurt that country's overall economy? | Agriculture has suffered greatly and now Nigeria must import food. |
| In which areas could Kenya and Uganda plan together to specialize? | cotton production and textile manufacturing |
| What is a tariff! | a tax placed on goods coming into one country from another |
| What is a quota? | a limit on the amount of foreign goods allowed into a country |
| What is an embargo? | a halt to trade with a particular country for economic or political reasons |
| How could a high tariff on imported grain help the people in the country charging the tariff! | Local farmers would be able to sell their grain since it would be cheaper than imported grain. |
| Why did a number of the countries of the United Nations have an embargo on South Africa? | They wanted South Africa to end its system of apartheid. |
| Why is a system of currency exchange necessary for international trade? | There must be a way to pay for goods purchased from countries with different types of currencies. |
| The CFA Franc is used in what part of Africa? | in West and Central Africa |
| Which is a part of a country's human capital? | skills and knowledge workers have |
| Why has the country of South Africa made a big investment in human capital? | Some of that country's most important industries need educated, skilled workers. |
| What accounts for the high unemployment rate in South Africa? | Unemployed black workers are still feeling the effects of the apartheid system. |
| What is the gross domestic product (GDP)? | total value of goods and services produced within a country in a year |
| If a country does not invest in its human capital, how can it affect the country's gross domestic product (GDP)? | GDP may go down because poorly trained workers will not be able to do their jobs as well. |
| What are capital goods? | the factories and machines used to make goods |
| In which has South Africa invested heavily in capital goods? | mining and heavy industry |
| In which has Nigeria invested heavily in capital goods? | oil production and refining |
| How has Nigeria's decision about investing in capital goods affected many of those who live in Nigeria? | Concentration on the oil industry has left Nigerians without proper food and housing. |
| What becomes of much of the money earned from the sale of African gold and diamonds? | The money goes to pay for weapons used in wars and civil conflicts. |
| What are some of the commercial uses of uranium? | nuclear power plants and nuclear weapons |
| Which is a result of Nigeria's focus on the oil industry? | lack of improvements in agriculture |
| Which African country has 40 percent of the world's gold supply? | South Africa |
| How are profits from diamonds being used today in many African countries? | Profits fund military supplies for the civil wars. |
| What are "conflict diamonds"? | diamonds that are sold to fund wars and rebellions |
| Which BEST describes an entrepreneur? | someone who is willing to take a risk to begin a new business |
| Which BEST describes Income? | money you earn working or get from investing |
| What is the definition of savings? | money left over after buying what is needed and wanted |
| Which is a plan for saving and spending? | a budget |
| When an individual invests money in bank accounts, certificates of deposit or mutual funds, it is called | a financial investment |
| When firms invest money in equipment, factories, or real estate, that is called | real investment. |
| The ability to borrow money is called | credit. |
| Credit becomes a problem when | a person cannot find the money to pay their monthly bills |
| Which group of people did some European powers use to be their "enforcers"? | local chiefs |
| Why did Europeans first take an interest in the African continent? | They were engaged in the slave trade. |
| Why did the European countries eventually set up colonies in Africa? | They needed the raw material found on the African continent |
| Which is a system of acquiring colonies to provide raw materials for a stronger country? | imperialism |
| Which was a part of early European plans for Africa? | protecting trade and transportation routes |
| Using African people to help European officials administer a colony was known as what form of government? | indirect rule |
| What is the definition of "assimilation"? | giving up one's own customs and adopting those of another culture |
| When did many African groups begin to challenge European colonial rule? | after World War II |
| Why did many of the boundaries of the new African states created after World War II cause problems? | The boundaries split tribes and kinship groups. |
| Which was most often used to draw new boundaries for African countries? | Europeans followed the old colonial boundaries |
| Which European country first colonized South Africa? | The Netherlands |
| When Great Britain took over South Africa and the Dutch settlers moved farther North, which African group fought that expansion? | Zulus |
| What valuable natural resources were discovered in South Africa after the British took control ofthat country? | gold and diamonds |
| Which organization was formed to work for equality in the country of South Africa? | African National Congress |
| What is the apartheid system? | segregation of races |
| What was significant about Nelson Mandela's election to political office in South Africa in 1994? | He was the first black president of South Africa. |
| Why was the government of Kenya criticized after independence, even though it was led by Africans? | The government was controlled by only one party. |
| What conflict broke out in Nigeria after independence was declared? | religious conflict between Muslims and Christians |
| How could the political situation in Nigeria today be described? | The government is still unstable. |
| What percent of the population of South Africa was black when that country achieved independence? | 70 percent |
| What was the name of Nelson Mandela's political party? | African National Congress |
| What decision did South African President F.W. de Klerk eventually make about the country's apartheid laws? | He began to recommend that the laws be repealed. |
| What was Nelson Mandela's attitude toward the people who had been responsible for the old government of South Africa? | He felt the different races needed to try to work together in the new government. |
| The main goal of the Pan-Africa movement was to | get Africans to think of themselves as one people and to work together. |
| What part of the adult population of Kenya has HIV/AIDS? | about 7% |
| Which question can be answered using the graph? | Which African country has the highest percentage of adults with HIVI AIDS? |
| What is the BEST reason for including data from the United States on the graph? | to compare data from African countries with data from our own |
| In what year was Nelson Mandela born? | 1918 |
| About how long after Mandela was imprisoned did he become president of South Africa? | about 30 years |
| Which event in Mandela's life happened before the official beginning of apartheid? | Mandela completed college |
Created by:
crawfka