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J. S. Bach
Johann Sebastian Bach: Well Tempered Clavier
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| life date | 1685-1750 |
| What is significant about his stay in lubeck | met famous Dietrich Buxtehude, stayed extra three months |
| Married to: | Maria Barbara, later married Anna Magdalena Wilcke |
| Kappelmeister to: | Prince Leopold of Cothen |
| What university program did he become director of? | in Leipzig, taught at Collegium Musicum |
| what genres did he work in | All genres, except opera |
| famous works | notebook for anna Magdalena(keyboard works), Goldberg variations(large-scale work) |
| prelude | short keyboard work, improvisory style |
| fugue | imitative contrapuntal composition,single theme prevails |
| subject | initial statement of a main theme of a fugue, tonic key |
| answer | second statement of main theme, usually in dominant key |
| episode | a passage within a fugue in which neither subject nor answer is present |
| stretto | overlapping subject entries in close succession, meaning "to tighten" |
| Tierce de Picardie | Work in minor key ends in Major |
| Genre | keyboard music |
| significance of title | well-tempered refers to new tuning system, clavier is german word for any keyboard instrument |
| places of career | Arnstadt, Weimar, Cothen, Leipzig |
| significant patrons, composers... | dietrich Buxtehude, Prince Leopold of Cothen, |
| birthplace | Eisenach, germany |
| style | Lutheran background present in his works, dedicated works to the "glory of god", |
| significance of stay in Cothen? | Calvinist views influenced his writing, did not perform in churches, prince leopold did not allow religious works to be written |
| key of well tempered clavier? | b flat, |
| prelude description | AB style, homophonic and polyphonic, includes tight 32nd passages which are outlined with arpeggiated dominant 7ths |
| fugue description | begins with subject outline, followed by added countersubjects/tonal answer. leads into episode of g minor with c minor answer. after episode goes back to main theme, finishing with powerful four measure close |
| arnstadt1703-1708 | Career as violinist, chamber musician, organist. Granted leave from position to see dietrich Buxtehude of lubeck, stayed extra three months without permission. Married maria Barbara, had two children, grew to be successful |
| Weimar 1708-1717 | court organist chamber musician to duke of Weimar, increase of fame, composed for Lutheran church, (cantatas, chorales) accepted salary to work in cothen, angered duke of Weimar resulting in month of jail |
| Cothen 1717-1723 | kappelmeister to prince leopold of cothen, Calvinist views influenced music, did not perform in churches, well tempered clavier written book 1 (1722), death of maria Barbara, remarried anna Magdalena, had two more sons |
| Leipzig 1723-1750 | appointed canto of saint Thomas school, became director of collegium musicum (1729), wrote the Goldberg variations, well tempered clavier book 2, visited Frederick the great at Potsdam, wrote the musical offering based on theme provided by king, |
Created by:
olaurie
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