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Nuclear Medicine
Hscu 209
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Radiopharmaceuticals | Radioactive materials used for diagnosis, therapy and medical research |
| Radiopharmaceuticals methods of administration | Can be injected, ingested or inhaled |
| Nuc med visiualizes what | Do not visualize structures but demonstrate function |
| 5 radionuclides used | technetium iodine indium thallium gallium |
| Isotopes are | Elements with the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons in the nucleus |
| Isotopes have the same | chemical properties as one another because the total number or protons and neutrons is the same |
| Isotopes differ | in the total number of neutrons contained in the nucleus |
| What determines the stability in an atom | The neutron-to-proton ratio in the nucleus |
| Radionuclide decay | The emission of alpha, beta and gamma radiation |
| Radionuclide decay reach ground state through | alpha, beta and positron emission and electron capture |
| The decay process determines the | type of particles or gamma rays given off in the decay |
| Half life | The probability of a particular decay process and the rate of change into the ground state element is known as half-live T½ |
| Half life range from | ms to years |
| Half-live of radionuclides used in N.M. range from | several hours to several days |
| Tracer | A radioactive material introduced into the body |
| Tracers are selected by | how they localize in specific organs or tissues |
| The amount of tracer used | provides the least radiation exposure to the patient that can provide a satisfactory exam or therapeutic goal |
| Radioactive traces produce | Gamma ray emission |
| 2 types of cameras for NM | Gamma or Scintillation Camera |
| 3 PET scans | heart, brain, and lungs |
| What kind of decay does PET use | positron |
| SPECT 3 | Single Photon Emission Computer Tomography; Employs collimators and low-energy photons It is less sensitive and less accurate than PET |
| Unlike xray, in NM | radionuclides emit radiation before and after administration |