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Term | Definition |
---|---|
scarcity | condition caused by people's unlimited wants and the relatively limited resources to meet those wants |
opportunity cost | what a person give up when they choose one thing over another |
trade off | accepting less of one thing to get more of something else |
economic systems | the way in which people deal with the problems of scarcity and opportunity cost |
money | anything that serves as a medium of exchange |
markets | arrangements that allow buyers and sellers to meet and exchange goods or services |
SUPPLY | DIFFERENT AMOUNTS OF GOODS AND SERVICES THAT WILL BE OFFERED FOR SALE AT A CERTAIN PRICE FOR A CERTAIN AMOUNT OF TIME |
demand | VARIOUS GOODS AND SERVICES THAT WILL BE PURCHASED AT A CERTAIN PRICE DURING A SPECIFIC TIME PERIOD |
competition | MORE THAN ONE BUYER OR SELLER IN THE SAME MARKET |
GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT (GDP) | THE MARKET VALUE OF ALL FINAL GOODS AND SERVICES PRODUCED BY A COUNTRY IN ONE YEAR |
UNEMPLOYMENT | THE NUMBER OF PEOPLE WITHOUT A JOB ACTIVELY SEEKING WORK |
INFLATION | INCREASE IN THE AVERAGE PRICE LEVEL OF THE ENTIRE ECONOMY |
DEFLATION | A DECREASE IN THE AVERAGE PRICE LEVEL OF THE ENTIRE ECONOMY |
MONETARY POLICY | ACTIONS THAT AFFECT THE AMOUNT OF MONEY AND THE COST OF CREDIT AVALIABLE IN THE ECONOMY |
FISCAL POLICY | CHYANGES IN TAXES OR GOVERNMENT SPENDING THAT ARE DESIGNED TO AFFECT DEMAND |
EXCHANGE RATE | THE PRICE OF ONE NATION’S CURRENCY IN TERMS OF ANOTHER NATION’S CURRENCY |
CAPITAL | THE TOOLS, EQUIPMENT, AND FACTORIES USED IN THE PRODUCTION OF GOODS AND SERVICES |
FACTORS OF PRODUCTION | THINGS NEEDED TO PRODUCE ANY GOOD OR SERVICE. THEY ARE LAND, CAPITAL, LABOR, ENTREPRENEURSHIP |
LAISSEZ-FAIRE | MEANS NO GOVERNMENT INTERFERENCE IN THE ECONOMY. FRENCH FOR ALLOW THEM TO DO |
WANT | NOT A BASIC REQUIREMENT FOR SURVIVAL |
NEED | A BASIC REQUIREMENT FOR SURVIVIAL |
GOOD | TANGIBLE COMMIDITY SUCH AS A BOOK OR CAR |
CONSUMER GOOD | A GOOD USED TO MAKE OTHER GOODS(OVEN IN A BAKERY) |
DURABLE GOOD | LAST THREE YEARS OR MORE WHEN USED REGULARLY |