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Rocks & Minerals--
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| A naturally occurring, inorganic solid that has a crystal structure and a definite chemical composition | mineral |
| The "I" in SNIFC (means "non-living") | inorganic |
| The "C" in SNIFC (has flat sides called faces that meet at sharp edges and corners) | crystal |
| The _____ of a mineral is the color of its powder. | streak |
| The term _____ is used to describe how light is reflected from a mineral's surface. | luster |
| Defined as mass in a given space, or mass per unit volume (mass divided by volume) | density |
| This scale ranks 10 minerals from softest to hardest. This can be determined by a scratch test. | hardness |
| A mineral that splits easily along flat surfaces has this property. | cleavage |
| This describes how a mineral looks when it breaks apart in an irregular way (does not split apart evenly). | fracture |
| Minerals can form in two ways: by crystallization of magma/lava or by crystallization of materials dissolved in _____. | water |
| One factor that determines the size of crystals is the rate at which magma/lava _____. | cools |
| Large crystals form when _____ cools slowly deep below the surface. | magma |
| When magma erupts to the surface it is called _____ which cools quickly and forms small or microscopic crystals. | lava |
| A solid mixture of 2 or more minerals and other materials. | rock |
| This type of rock forms from the cooling of magma or lava; Latin for "fire" | igneous |
| This type of rock forms when particles of other rocks or the remains of plants and animals are pressed and cemented together. | sedimentary |
| This type of rock forms when an existing rock is changed by heat or pressure; Greek for "change" & "form" | metamorphic |
| The rock _____ is a series of processes on Earth's surface and in the crust and mantle that slowly change rocks from one kind to another. | cycle |
| This type of igneous rock forms from lava that erupted onto Earth's surface resulting in fine grain/small crystal rocks. | extrusive |
| This type of igneous rock forms when magma hardened beneath Earth's surface resulting in large grain/large crystal rocks. | intrusive |
| The removal of rock fragments/particles by wind, water, ice or gravity. | erosion |
| The process that presses sediments together. | compaction |
| The process in which dissolved minerals crystallize and "glue" particles of sediment together. | cementation |
| Small, solid pieces of material that come from rocks or organisms; can become pressed or cemented together to form rock | sediment |
| The "F" in SNIFC means "fixed _____ composition" (the makeup of a mineral). | chemical |
| The process that breaks down rock and other substances of Earth's surface. | weathering |
| The process in which particles or sediments are layed down (settle) onto a surface. | deposition |
| The "S" in SNIFC (represents a phase/state of matter) | solid |
| The "N" in SNIFC (means not man-made) | natural |
| TRUE or FALSE? Obsidian, an igneous rock, is "nature's glass" and results when lava cools very quickly in ocean water. | true |
| TRUE or FALSE? Both soft coal and hard coal are sedimentary rocks. | false |
| TRUE or FALSE? Granite, an igneous rock, can result when magma cools very slowly under ground. | true |
| TRUE or FALSE? Marble is metamorphic. Its "parent rock" (the one that becomes marble) is limestone. | true |
| TRUE or FALSE? Conglomerate (a compacted/cemented mixture of gravel and pebbles) is classified as metamorphic. | false |
| TRUE or FALSE? Shale is the metamorphic cousin to the original parent rock slate. | false |
| TRUE or FALSE? There is only one path through the rock cycle. | false |
| TRUE or FALSE? Two methods that combine sediments into sedimentary rocks are: compaction & cementation. | true |
| Which type of sediment is the smallest? (rock, sand, gravel, clay, pebble, silt) | clay |
| TRUE or FALSE? Rocks form minerals. | false |
| TRUE or FALSE? Igneous rocks with large grains (crystals) cooled slowly. | true |
| Which type of rock developed first on Earth? (igneous, metamorphic or sedimentary) | igneous |
| What is the hardest known mineral? | diamond |
| TRUE or FALSE? The heat that changes a rock into metamorphic rock comes from earth's mantle layer. | true |
| TRUE or FALSE? Glass is a mineral. | false |
| TRUE or FALSE? Coal is a mineral. | false |
Created by:
mrsgilbert
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