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B1 nervous system

Edexcel B1 nervous system

QuestionAnswer
What are the different parts in a neurone? Dendrites, cell body, axon (covered in myelin sheath) and dendrons
What are the differences between motor and sensory neurones? Motor neurones have very long axons but sensory neurones have shorter ones
What are dendrites? Fine branches that receive the electrical impulse
What do neurones do? they carry electrical impulses
What is CNS? the brain and spical cord
What is the neurone that sends electrical impulses from teh receptor to the CNS? sensory neurone
What is the neurone that receives electrical impulses from the CNS and carries the impulse to teh muscles? motor neurone
State some stimuli light, sound, heat, touch
What receptor would detect light? photoreceptors in the retina (the layer of neurones at the back of the eye)
What are thermoreceptors? receptors that detect changes in body temperature
What is this “what you do without thinking”? involuntary aka automatic aka reflex response
Why are reflex/involuntary responses when we touch something hot, so important? so that we are not hurt; to protect our body from damage
What are stimuli? changes to the environment
What organ controls involuntary response? the spinal cord
Describe the of a voluntary response when you want to pick up a pen Stimulus(light)>receptor(cells on the retina)>sensory neurone>CNS(brain)>motor neurone>effector(muscle)>response(picking a pen)
When you pick up a pen, what is the stimulus? you need to see the pen, so LIGHT is the stimulus
When you pick up a pen, what is the effector? the muscles in your arm
When you pick up a pen, what is the response? you pick up the pen: the response is what you do at the end!
What is the name of the gap between two neurones? synapse
What is the myelin sheath? the fatty substance that INSULATES the neurone so that ELECTRICAL IMPULSES are carried FASTER
What are the chemical messengers that carry the signal across synapses? neurotransmitters
Describe how the impulse travels across a synapse as the electrical impulse arrives at the end of 1st neurone, the neurotransmitter is released;neurotransmitter travels across synapse;neurotransmitter attaches to the 2nd neurone and triggers electrical impulse
Describe how the reflex arc works receptor picks up stimulus;sensory neurone carries electrical impulse to spinal cord; in the spine, a relay neurone passes on impulse directly to the motor neurone; motor neurone passes impulse to effector/muscle; muscle contracts
Do you have a trick to remember the reflex arc? ReSeReMoEf (REceptor;SEnsory neurone;RElay neurone;MOtor neurone;EFfector)
Created by: ursulinebio
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